Array Tomography Hardware and Software Development

阵列断层扫描硬件和软件开发

• 批准号: 8123932
• 负责人: JAY K TRAUTMAN
• 金额: $ 33.43万
• 依托单位: ARATOME, LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-22 至 2012-09-21
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8123932
• 关键词: Address; Age; Alzheimer' s Disease; Area; Basic Science; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Code; Color; Communities; Computer software; Data; Data Set; Databases; Detection; Development; Diagnostic; Dimensions; Disease; Epitopes; Failure; Fluorescence; Goals; Huntington Disease; Image; Individual; Laboratories; Lighting; Medical; Metadata; Methods; Microscope; Microscopic; Molecular; Monitor; Nerve Degeneration; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurosciences; Optics; Parkinson Disease; Phase; Population; Preparation; Procedures; Process; Production; Protocols documentation; Publications; Publishing; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Retrieval; Running; Sampling; Services; Slice; Specimen; Structure; Synapses; System; Techniques; Technology; Therapeutic; Time; Tissues; Ursidae Family; anticancer research; base; cellular pathology; commercialization; cost; database structure; design; effective therapy; flexibility; human disease; image processing; indexing; instrument; meetings; millimeter; neural circuit; novel; open source; operation; programs; prototype; reconstruction; software development; therapeutic development; tomography

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Understanding the structure and function of the brain is one of the great scientific problems. Neurodegenerative conditions of the brain are among the most expensive, disruptive, and least well-treated human diseases, arguably because they are not well understood, which precludes a rational approach to treatment. Array Tomography is a new method for tissue imaging with resolution in all three dimensions sufficient to resolve individual synapses and with quantitative characterization of multiple (currently 36) molecular constituents, throughout a 1-mm3 sample. What this means is that it is now possible to construct the wiring diagram of a neural circuit, consisting of a few 100 million to a billion synapses with precise description of the molecular constituents. We believe that this kind of information will enable researchers to begin to comprehend the proper function of neural circuits and, importantly, to begin to understand how it is that the various neurodegenerative processes present and progress. As alluring as this prospect is, Array Tomography has been used in relatively few studies following the inaugural publication in 2007 (Micheva and Smith, 2007), due to the complexity of the method and the cost of establishing it in the lab of an individual investigator. The commercial opportunity is to offer Array Tomography as a service to the research community. We believe this is the best way to bring the power of the method to bear on problems in neuroscience, cancer research, and medical diagnostic and therapeutic development. To that end, in this proposal we seek to refine the procedures developed in the Smith laboratory so that it will be possible to offer array tomography as a service to the academic and industrial communities. Specifically, we propose to develop a single-purpose imaging instrument, including control software that will allow a many-fold increase in tissue slice imaging. In addition, we propose to develop an image storage and retrieval system to enhance the commercial use of array tomography. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's are becoming more and more prevalent as the population ages. Efforts to develop treatments for these diseases have been hampered by a lack of technologies that provide "big picture" information about how these diseases progress. We propose to develop a technology for high-resolution microscopic analysis of large brain areas to more fully understand the cellular pathologies caused by these diseases so that more effective treatments can be discovered.

描述（申请人提供）：了解大脑的结构和功能是重大的科学问题之一。大脑的神经退行性疾病是最昂贵、最具破坏性和治疗最少的人类疾病之一，可以说是因为它们没有得到很好的理解，这妨碍了合理的治疗方法。阵列断层扫描是一种新的组织成像方法，在所有三个维度上的分辨率足以解决单个突触，并在整个1毫米3的样品中对多个（目前为36个）分子成分进行定量表征。这意味着，现在有可能构建神经回路的接线图，由几个1亿到10亿个突触组成，并精确描述其分子成分。我们相信，这类信息将使研究人员能够开始理解神经回路的正确功能，更重要的是，开始理解各种神经退行性过程是如何出现和发展的。尽管前景诱人，但在2007年首次发表之后，由于方法的复杂性和在单个研究者的实验室中建立它的成本，阵列层析成像在相对较少的研究中得到了应用（Micheva和Smith， 2007）。商业机会是为研究界提供阵列层析成像服务。我们相信，这是将该方法的力量应用于神经科学、癌症研究以及医学诊断和治疗发展等问题的最佳途径。为此，在本提案中，我们试图完善史密斯实验室开发的程序，以便有可能为学术界和工业界提供阵列层析成像服务。具体来说，我们建议开发一种单一用途的成像仪器，包括控制软件，这将使组织切片成像增加许多倍。此外，我们建议开发一个图像存储和检索系统，以提高阵列层析成像的商业应用。