NanoSPECT/CT for Oncology Research

描述(申请人提供)：现正申请资金购买NanoSPECT小动物SPECT(单光子发射计算机断层扫描)和CT(透射式计算机断层扫描)扫描仪(BioSCAN，华盛顿特区)，用于非侵入性和纵向监测癌症和其他疾病的过程、癌症、免疫和干细胞的贩运、对治疗和其他干预措施的细胞反应、遗传途径表达、肿瘤靶向和新的放射诊断和放射治疗制剂在小动物(即小鼠和大鼠)模型中的生物分布。这一最先进的仪器将安装在我们现有的小动物成像核心设施中，将是纪念斯隆-凯特琳癌症中心(MSKCC)临床前和转化性肿瘤学研究计划的关键和广泛使用的补充。与我们现有的(但技术上有限且过时的)microSPECT-microCT系统X-SPECT一样，NanoSPECT将在开发新型放射诊断和放射治疗试剂(包括“抗肿瘤”抗体和其他免疫结构)、基因成像(即报告基因)系统以及对各种细胞和分子遗传过程的活体成像方面发挥关键作用，这些过程对于我们了解癌症的自然历史及其对各种治疗的反应至关重要。因此，迫切需要为一种新的、功能更强大的MicroSPECT-MicroCT系统--NanoSPECT--提供资金，以增强和扩大我们的活体放射性核素成像能力，并提供更可靠的三维(断层)在体放射性核素成像能力。与过时的X-SPECT相比，NanoSPECT的主要优势包括：(1)大大提高了灵敏度，在更短的成像时间内获得了更高质量、更定量准确的图像；(2)能够进行全身超高分辨率针孔SPECT研究，在一次研究中提供全身生物分布数据和可识别的解剖信息；以及(3)能够成像高能单光子发射体，如碘-131(131I)，这是一种广泛使用的重要的“治疗性”放射性核素，无法用X-SPECT成像。除了许多已制定科学计划使用NanoSPECT的资助项目外，我们的设施和中心拥有成熟的技术和科学专业知识，可以在安装后充分和立即使用该仪器，并拥有高效的行政和金融基础设施，以支持和维护该仪器及其长期有效使用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Funds are being requested to purchase a NanoSPECT small-animal SPECT (single-photon emission computed tomography) and CT (transmission computed tomography) scanner (Bioscan, Washington, DC) for non-invasively and longitudinally monitoring cancer and other disease processes, trafficking of cancer, immune, and stem cells, cellular responses to therapy and other interventions, genetic pathway expression, and tumor targeting and biodistribution of new radio diagnostic and radio therapeutic agents in small-animal (i.e. mouse and rat) models. This state-of-the-art instrument, to be installed in our existing Small-Animal Imaging Core Facility, will be a critical, broadly used addition to the pre-clinical and translational oncology research program at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC). Like our existing (but technically limited and outdated) microSPECT-microCT system, the X- SPECT, the NanoSPECT will play a critical role in the development of novel radio diagnostic and radio therapeutic agents (including "anti-tumor" antibodies and other immune constructs), gene imaging (i.e. reporter gene) systems and in vivo imaging of various cellular and molecular-genetic processes critical to our understanding of the natural history of cancer and its response to various therapies. Funds for a new, far more functional microSPECT-microCT system, the NanoSPECT, are therefore urgently requested to enhance and expand our in vivo radionuclide imaging capabilities and to provide more quantitatively reliable three-dimensional (tomographic) in vivo radionuclide imaging capability. Among the critical advantages of the NanoSPECT over our outdated X-SPECT are: (1) substantially higher sensitivity, yielding higher quality, more quantitatively accurate images in shorter imaging times; (2) the capability of performing whole-body ultra-high-resolution pinhole SPECT studies, providing whole-body biodistribution data and recognizable anatomic information in a single study; and (3) the capability to image high-energy single- photon emitters such as iodine-131 (131I), a widely used and important "therapeutic" radionuclide not image-able with the X-SPECT. In addition to numerous funded projects with scientific plans in place to use the NanoSPECT, our Facility and our Center have well-established technical and scientific expertise to fully and immediately utilize this instrument upon its installation and a highly efficient administrative and financial infrastructure in place to support and maintain this instrument and its effective use long-term.