MEMORY MONITORING AND DECLARATIVE MEMORY IN MONKEYS: BEHAVIOR AND BRAIN

这个子项目是利用资源的许多研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目的主要支持 子项目的主要研究者可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其它NIH来源。 为子项目列出的总成本可能 表示子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 而不是由NCRR赠款提供给子项目或子项目工作人员的直接资金。 人类有意识地监控记忆内容的能力还无法在动物模型中进行研究。因为人类谈论的记忆是可以被监控的，所以这种记忆被称为陈述性记忆。相比之下，非陈述性记忆不能被主观监测，而是从它们对行为的影响中推断出来的。例如，一个人可能无法口头报告键盘上字母的位置，但他可以在不看键的情况下准确快速地打字。由于中风、阿尔茨海默病和其他脑损伤而导致的陈述性记忆丧失严重损害了高级认知过程，包括学习、计划和适应性决策。 记忆监控也是一种元认知。元认知受损与自闭症、与年龄相关的认知衰退以及注意力和冲动控制障碍（如ADHD）有关。需要动物模型来识别参与记忆监测和陈述性记忆的特定大脑结构，以便我们能够开发出人类认知障碍的改进治疗方法。 我们在延迟反应任务中训练了6只猴子，并复制了先前在猴子元记忆研究中的所有主要发现。这项工作总结在硕士论文的维多利亚坦普勒，目前正在准备出版。12只猴子已经接受了该项目下一个实验所需的样本匹配和分类任务的训练。一些猴子已经开始接受元记忆任务的训练。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. The human ability to consciously monitor the contents of memory has not been accessible to study in animal models. Because humans talk about memories that are accessible to monitoring, such memories are called declarative. In contrast, nondeclarative memories cannot be subjectively monitored, but are inferred from their influence on behavior. For example, a person who may not be able to verbally report the locations of the letters on a keyboard may nonetheless type accurately and rapidly without looking at the keys. Loss of declarative memory from stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and other brain insults severely impairs higher cognitive processes including learning, planning, and adaptive decision-making. Memory monitoring is also a form of metacognition. Impaired metacognition is implicated in autism, age-related cognitive decline, and attention and impulse control disorders such as ADHD. Animal models are needed to identify the specific brain structures involved in memory monitoring and declarative memory so that we can develop improved treatments for cognitive impairment in humans. We trained 6 monkeys in a delayed-response task and replicated all the major findings from previous research in monkey metamemory. This work is summarized in the MA thesis of Victoria Templer and is currently being prepared for publication. Twelve monkeys have been trained in the matching-to-sample and classification task necessary for the next experiments in this project. Several monkeys have begun training in the metamemory task.