FUNCTIONAL NEUROANATOMY OF ACUTE NICOTINIC MODULATION OF IMPULSIVITY IN WOMEN

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。列出的机构是 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 吸烟是美国可预防死亡的主要原因，女性吸烟者比男性吸烟者更难戒烟。 了解与吸烟易感性、吸烟维持和戒烟失败相关的因素是行为研究的一个重要目标。 仔细描述导致吸烟易感性的行为因素的神经生物学基础可能有助于制定更有效的预防吸烟和戒烟干预措施。与女性吸烟有关的一个有希望的行为特征是冲动。 在几种不同的冲动性测量中，女性吸烟者比非吸烟者更冲动。 此外，急性尼古丁已被证明可以降低高度冲动的女性非吸烟者的冲动。 最近的研究已经开始确定潜在的功能神经解剖学参与测量冲动的任务，特别是停止信号任务（SST）。 这项研究的目的是检查与女性尼古丁给药相关的冲动性改善相关的大脑活动变化。 这是一项初步的脑成像研究，旨在检查女性吸烟者和非吸烟者在执行停止信号任务（一种冲动性测试）时的大脑激活模式。 将研究三组女性：高冲动女性吸烟者、高冲动女性非吸烟者和低冲动女性非吸烟者。 每例受试者将参加两个研究日，在此期间，他们将在MRI扫描仪中接受冲动性评估。 受试者每天服用尼古丁，每天服用安慰剂。 药物将以双盲方式给药，药物和安慰剂的顺序将随机化。 从这项研究中获得的知识将提供一个重要的“概念证明”，即通过fMRI测量的停止信号任务期间的大脑活动对尼古丁可改变的冲动差异敏感。 这项研究将有助于我们理解导致吸烟开始和维持的行为过程之一的神经机制。 该模型还可用于检查其他滥用药物。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S. and female smokers have more difficulty quitting smoking than do male smokers. Understanding the factors that relate to vulnerability to smoking, maintenance of smoking, and failure to quit smoking is an important goal of behavioral research. Careful characterization of the neurobiological underpinnings of behavioral factors that contribute to vulnerability to smoking may help to develop more effective interventions for both smoking prevention and smoking cessation. One promising behavioral characteristic related to cigarette smoking in women is impulsivity. Female smokers are known to be more impulsive than non-smokers on several different measures of impulsivity. In addition, acute nicotine has been shown to reduce impulsivity in female non-smokers who are highly impulsive. Recent studies have begun to identify the underlying functional neuroanatomy involved in tasks that measure impulsivity particularly the Stop Signal Task (SST). The goal of this research study is to examine changes in brain activity associated with improvements in impulsivity related to nicotine administration in women. This is a pilot brain imaging study examining patterns of brain activation during performance of the Stop Signal Task (a test of impulsivity) in women smokers and non-smokers. Three groups of women will be studied; high impulsive female smokers, high impulsive female non-smokers, and low impulsive female non-smokers. Each subject will participate in two study days during which they will have their impulsivity assessed while in the MRI scanner. On one day subjects will take nicotine and on one day they will take placebo. Medication will be administered in a double blind fashion and the order of drug and placebo will be randomized. The knowledge gained from this study will provide an important "proof of concept" that the brain activity during the Stop Signal Task as measured by fMRI is sensitive to differences in impulsivity which is modifiable by nicotine. This research will help our understanding of the neural mechanisms of one of the behavioral processes that contribute to the initiation and maintenance of smoking. This model may additionally be useful for the examination of other drugs of abuse.