Neurobiological and Behavioral Consequences of Cocaine Use in Mother/Infant Dyads

母婴二人使用可卡因的神经生物学和行为后果

• 批准号: 8268547
• 负责人: Josephine M. Johns
• 金额: $ 177.98万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-15 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8268547
• 关键词: Address; Animal Experimentation; Animal Model; Animals; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Caring; Characteristics; Child; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cocaine; Cocaine Abuse; Communication; Communities; Core Facility; Crying; Cues; Data Analyses; Development; Disease; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Early Diagnosis; Endocrine; Exhibits; Fetal Cocaine Exposure; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Gene Expression; Human; Human Resources; Image; Image Analysis; Individual; Infant; Infant Care; Interdisciplinary Study; International; Intervention; Lead; Light; Maternal Behavior; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Mothers; Neurobiology; Neurologic; Oxytocin; Parenting behavior; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physiological; Population; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Principal Investigator; Psyche structure; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Proposals; Rodent; Rodent Model; Scientist; Stimulus; Stress; Structure; Techniques; Touch sensation; Translating; Translational Research; Utah; Ventricular; Visual; Woman; Work; base; cocaine exposure; cocaine use; data management; drug of abuse; fetal drug exposure; high risk; innovation; innovative technologies; insight; interest; maternal cocaine use; multidisciplinary; neglect; neonate; neural circuit; neuroimaging; non-drug; novel; offspring; postnatal; preference; prenatal exposure; programs; response; segmentation Image analysis; skills; success; tool; vocalization

This program project is a multidisciplinary, translational research project employing animal and human projects to focus on the elucidation of neurobiological and behavioral characteristics and responses of mothers that have used primarily cocaine during pregnancy and of offspring prenatally exposed to cocaine that might impact negatively on normal mother-infant interactions. Although maternal cocaine use is known to be highly correlated with maternal neglect and poorer mother-infant interactions in both human and animal models, there is little direct research on perceptual, endocrine and neurological responses of these women when presented with relevant infant cues (cries, touch, pictures). Similarly, little is known about abnormal physiological/behavioral responses in infants prenatally exposed to cocaine that may impact parenting behaviors of both drug using and non-using mothers. One animal, and 2 human clinical projects will address three main hypotheses which address the possibility that cocaine use by mothers and/or prenatal exposure to cocaine in offspring could result in drug-induced neurological and/or bio-behavioral abnormalities in both, that contribute to neglect and poor mother-infant interactions in animals and humans. The animal project will assess specific characteristics of infant stimuli or behavior (vocalizations, thermoregulatory ability, olfactory cues, response to mothers presence) and brain structural abnormalities (regional, ventricular differences) and gene expression as well as measuring differential maternal behavioral and endocrine responses to and preference for exposed compared to non-exposed infants or stimuli produced by infants. The human projects will focus on perceptual, endocrine and behavioral responses to stress related and infant related stimuli and infant response to mothers, as well as infant brain structural and pathway developmental abnormalities (project 2) and (project 3) measurement of maternal (fMRI) endocrine and neurological brain regional responses to infant stimuli (cries, visual vignettes). We hypothesize differences in behavioral, physiological and/or neurological characteristics (infant cries, infant stimulus cues, physical elicitation of care and brain structural abnormalities) of both human and rodent offspring (prenatally drug exposed versus non-exposed), which could result in differential maternal response. We predict that mothers who have abused cocaine will exhibit differences in perceptual, behavioral, endocrine and/or neurological responses to relevant infant stimuli compared to non-drug users. This translational, interdisciplinary project will allow researchers from different research backgrounds and expertise to work together to better identify specific attributes of mothers and infants that could contribute to a better understanding of how drugs of abuse specifically and particular characteristics of individuals in general may influence neglect. This could result in early and continuing intervention strategies to offset some of the negative consequences in this population.

该项目是一个多学科、转化性研究项目，采用动物和人类项目，重点阐明在怀孕期间主要使用可卡因的母亲以及产前接触可卡因的后代的神经生物学和行为特征以及反应，这些特征和反应可能对正常的母婴互动产生负面影响。尽管众所周知，在人类和动物模型中，母亲使用可卡因与母亲忽视和较差的母婴互动高度相关，但很少有直接研究这些女性在面对相关婴儿线索（哭泣、触摸、图片）时的感知、内分泌和神经反应。同样，我们对产前接触可卡因的婴儿的异常生理/行为反应知之甚少，这些反应可能会影响吸毒和不吸毒母亲的养育行为。一项动物和 2 个人类临床项目将解决 三个主要假设解决了母亲使用可卡因和/或后代产前接触可卡因可能导致药物引起的神经和/或生物行为异常的可能性，从而导致动物和人类的忽视和母婴互动不良。动物项目将评估婴儿刺激或行为的具体特征（发声、体温调节能力、嗅觉） 线索、对母亲存在的反应）和大脑结构异常（区域、心室差异）和基因表达，以及测量与未暴露的婴儿或婴儿产生的刺激相比，母亲对暴露的行为和内分泌反应的差异以及对暴露的偏好。人类项目将重点关注对压力相关和婴儿相关刺激的知觉、内分泌和行为反应以及婴儿对母亲的反应，以及婴儿大脑结构和通路发育异常（项目2）和（项目3）测量母亲（fMRI）内分泌和神经大脑区域对婴儿刺激（哭声、视觉小插图）的反应。我们假设行为、生理和/或神经学特征（婴儿哭声、婴儿刺激线索、护理的物理诱发和大脑 人类和啮齿动物后代（产前接触药物与未接触药物）的结构异常），这可能导致母体反应不同。我们预测，与非吸毒者相比，滥用可卡因的母亲对相关婴儿刺激的感知、行为、内分泌和/或神经反应会表现出差异。这个跨学科的转化项目将允许来自不同研究背景和专业知识的研究人员共同努力，更好地识别母亲和婴儿的特定属性，这可能有助于更好地了解滥用药物和一般个人的特定特征如何影响忽视。这可能会导致早期和持续的干预策略，以抵消该人群的一些负面后果。