Neurobiological and Behavioral Consequences of Cocaine Use in Mother/Infant Dyads

母婴二人使用可卡因的神经生物学和行为后果

• 批准号: 8089463
• 负责人: Josephine M. Johns
• 金额: $ 189.62万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-15 至 2013-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8089463
• 关键词: Neurobiological; Behavioral; Consequences; Cocaine; Use

This program project is a multidisciplinary, translational research project employing animal and human projects to focus on the elucidation of neurobiological and behavioral characteristics and responses of mothers that have used primarily cocaine during pregnancy and of offspring prenatally exposed to cocaine that might impact negatively on normal mother-infant interactions. Although maternal cocaine use is known to be highly correlated with maternal neglect and poorer mother-infant interactions in both human and animal models, there is little direct research on perceptual, endocrine and neurological responses of these women when presented with relevant infant cues (cries, touch, pictures). Similarly, little is known about abnormal physiological/behavioral responses in infants prenatally exposed to cocaine that may impact parenting behaviors of both drug using and non-using mothers. One animal, and 2 human clinical projects will address three main hypotheses which address the possibility that cocaine use by mothers and/or prenatal exposure to cocaine in offspring could result in drug-induced neurological and/or bio-behavioral abnormalities in both, that contribute to neglect and poor mother-infant interactions in animals and humans. The animal project will assess specific characteristics of infant stimuli or behavior (vocalizations, thermoregulatory ability, olfactory cues, response to mothers presence) and brain structural abnormalities (regional, ventricular differences) and gene expression as well as measuring differential maternal behavioral and endocrine responses to and preference for exposed compared to non-exposed infants or stimuli produced by infants. The human projects will focus on perceptual, endocrine and behavioral responses to stress related and infant related stimuli and infant response to mothers, as well as infant brain structural and pathway developmental abnormalities (project 2) and (project 3) measurement of maternal (fMRI) endocrine and neurological brain regional responses to infant stimuli (cries, visual vignettes). We hypothesize differences in behavioral, physiological and/or neurological characteristics (infant cries, infant stimulus cues, physical elicitation of care and brain structural abnormalities) of both human and rodent offspring (prenatally drug exposed versus non-exposed), which could result in differential maternal response. We predict that mothers who have abused cocaine will exhibit differences in perceptual, behavioral, endocrine and/or neurological responses to relevant infant stimuli compared to non-drug users. This translational, interdisciplinary project will allow researchers from different research backgrounds and expertise to work together to better identify specific attributes of mothers and infants that could contribute to a better understanding of how drugs of abuse specifically and particular characteristics of individuals in general may influence neglect. This could result in early and continuing intervention strategies to offset some of the negative consequences in this population.

该计划项目是一个多学科的转化性研究项目，利用动物和人类项目，重点阐述怀孕期间主要使用可卡因的母亲的神经生物学和行为特征及其反应，以及产前暴露于可能对正常母婴互动产生负面影响的后代。尽管已知在人类和动物模型中，母亲使用可卡因与母亲忽视和母婴互动较差高度相关，但对这些妇女在获得相关婴儿提示(哭声、触摸、图片)时的感知、内分泌和神经反应的直接研究很少。同样，对产前接触可卡因的婴儿的异常生理/行为反应知之甚少，这可能会影响吸毒和不吸毒母亲的育儿行为。1个动物和2个人类临床项目将解决 三个主要假说阐述了母亲使用可卡因和/或子代产前接触可卡因可能导致药物引起的神经和/或生物行为异常，从而导致动物和人类忽视和母婴互动不良的可能性。该动物项目将评估婴儿刺激或行为的具体特征(发声、体温调节能力、嗅觉 这些指标包括：与未接触的婴儿或婴儿产生的刺激相比，孕妇对暴露的行为和内分泌的反应以及对暴露的偏好的不同。人类项目将侧重于对压力相关和婴儿相关刺激的感知、内分泌和行为反应，以及婴儿对母亲的反应，以及婴儿大脑结构和途径发育异常(项目2)和(项目3)测量母亲(FMRI)对婴儿刺激(哭声、视觉片段)的脑部内分泌和神经区域反应。我们假设行为、生理和/或神经特征的差异(婴儿哭声、婴儿刺激线索、关心的身体启发和大脑 人类和啮齿动物后代(产前接触药物与不接触药物)的遗传变异)，这可能导致不同的母体反应。我们预测，与非吸毒者相比，滥用可卡因的母亲对相关婴儿刺激的感知、行为、内分泌和/或神经反应将有所不同。这一跨学科的翻译项目将使来自不同研究背景和专门知识的研究人员能够共同努力，更好地确定母亲和婴儿的具体特征，从而有助于更好地理解药物滥用具体和一般个人的特殊特征可能如何影响忽视。这可能导致早期和持续的干预战略，以抵消这一人群的一些负面后果。