Self-Regulation as a Biological Mechanism for Excess Weight Gain in Toddlers

自我调节作为幼儿体重过度增加的生物机制

基本信息

批准号：
8298570
负责人：
Julie C Lumeng
金额：
$ 58.07万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-09-29 至 2015-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8298570
关键词：
21 year old 5 year old Address Adult Age Alcoholism Anthropometry Award Behavior Behavioral Biological Body mass index Child Childhood Chronic stress Consumption Data Desire for food Development Diet Dietary intake Eating Behavior Emotional Equation Food Food Patterns Funding Goals Grant Head Start Program Hydrocortisone Hyperphagia Impulsivity Individual Infant Informal Social Control Knowledge Laboratories Life Life Cycle Stages Link Longevity Low Income Population Low income Measures Mediating Modeling Neurobiology Nursery Schools Obesity Overweight Parents Pattern Physiological Poverty Prevalence Prevention Prevention approach Property Public Health Relative (related person)Salivary Science Skin Smoking Socioeconomic Status Stress Study models Substance abuse problem Sympathetic Nervous System Time Toddler United States National Institutes of Health Weight Weight Gain Work aged alpha-amylase base behavior change biobehavior cohort early childhood emotion regulation emotional eating health disparity high risk hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis improved novel obesity prevention preference public health relevance response sex socioeconomics

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Poor biobehavioral self-regulation likely contributes to a number of unhealthy behaviors as individuals seek and consume substances that improve self-regulation at a neurobiological level. Poor self-regulation begins very early in the lifespan, at a time when food is the only accessible substance with biological properties that aid the individual's ability to self-regulate. Children with poor self-regulation may therefore be more likely to tantrum for food, overeat and become overweight. There have been no studies to date integrating knowledge of biobehavioral self-regulation with eating behavior, dietary intake and weight status in early childhood. The study team was awarded a Challenge Grant in 2009 to examine some of these associations in low-income 3- to 5-year-olds, and the preliminary results of this project already demonstrate robust associations between aberrant diurnal salivary cortisol patterns, food-related tantrums, and overweight, beginning at age 36 months. In this low-income population, 40 percent of the children are already overweight by age 36 months, and a significant increase in overweight prevalence seems to occur around age 24 months. This application, therefore, proposes to collect measures of salivary cortisol and alpha amylase, self-regulation, eating behavior, diet, and anthropometry from 250 low-income children longitudinally at ages 21, 27, and 33 months. The study will provide more in-depth measures of these constructs from a younger cohort than has ever previously been studied, and in the low-income demographic that is at very high risk for both poor biobehavioral self-regulation and obesity. Structural equation modeling will be used to examine these potential associations. The aims are to examine, among low-income toddlers longitudinally: (1) the relative contributions of food-related self-regulation, non-food related self-regulation, and salivary cortisol and alpha amylase to preference for comfort foods, emotional eating behavior, and weight status, and to determine if these relationships differ across ages 21, 27, and 33 months; (2) relationships between biobehavioral markers of self-regulation at 21 months with changes in weight status between 21 and 33 months, mediated by preference for comfort foods and emotional eating; (3) trajectories of the development of behavioral self-regulation, and to determine if these trajectories are associated with differences in preference for comfort foods, emotional eating behavior, and weight status at 33 months, independent of physiological markers of self-regulation at baseline. The results of this study will have implications for understanding biobehavioral mechanisms of excessive weight gain in toddlerhood, and thereby potentially contribute to more effective, novel, targeted prevention approaches. The results will also improve the understanding of contributors to health disparities based on socioeconomic status and may also have broad implications for the prevention of a wide range of unhealthy behaviors associated with difficulties with biobehavioral self-regulation. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Poor biobehavioral self-regulation is believed to contribute to a number of unhealthy behaviors, including overeating and the development of obesity. Improved understanding of the development of associations between biobehavioral self-regulation, eating behavior, and excessive weight gain beginning in the toddler years may hold promise for novel targets for obesity prevention. Given that obesity and struggles with biobehavioral self-regulation are both more common among low-income children, the work may also hold particular promise for addressing socioeconomic disparities in obesity prevalence. In addition, overeating in toddlerhood may provide an important and unprecedented model for the early development of biobehavioral self-regulation contributing to a range of unhealthy behaviors. The results could therefore be broadly applicable to more effective prevention of other unhealthy behaviors such as substance abuse.

描述（由申请人提供）：随着个人寻求和消费在神经生物学层面上改善自我调节的物质，差的生物行为自我调节可能会导致许多不健康的行为。不良的自我调节在寿命的早期就开始了，当时食物是唯一具有生物学特性的物质，可以帮助个人自我调节的能力。因此，自我调节不良的儿童可能更有可能发脾气，吃得过高并超重。迄今为止，还没有研究将生物行为自我调节与饮食行为，饮食摄入和体重状况相结合。该研究团队在2009年获得了挑战补助金，以检查其中一些相关的3至5岁儿童，而该项目的初步结果已经证明了异常的氮唾液皮质醇模式，食物相关的发脾气和超重，开始于36个月之间。在这一低收入人群中，到36个月大的儿童中，有40％的儿童已经超重，并且超重患病率显着增加了24个月大左右。因此，该应用建议收集250名低收入儿童的唾液皮质醇和α淀粉酶，自我调节，饮食行为，饮食，饮食和人体测量法，在21、27和33个月中纵观。这项研究将比以前研究过的年轻人群提供更多的这些构建体的衡量标准，而在低收入人群中，这对贫困的生物行为自我调节和肥胖的风险都非常高。结构方程模型将用于检查这些潜在关联。目的是在低收入幼儿中纵向研究：（1）与食物相关的自我调节，与非食物相关的自我调节以及唾液皮质醇和α淀粉酶对偏爱舒适食品的偏爱，情感饮食行为和体重的相对贡献，并确定这些关系在21岁的21，27，27，27，27，27，27，27，27，27，27，27，27，33个月中是否有所不同；（2）在21个月时自我调节的生物行为标记与体重状况在21到33个月之间的变化之间的关系，这是由偏爱舒适食品和情感饮食的介导的；（3）行为自我调节发展的轨迹，并确定这些轨迹是否与舒适食品的偏爱，情感饮食行为和体重状况的偏好差异有关，而在基线时自我调节的生理标志无关。这项研究的结果将对理解幼儿期过度体重增加的生物行为机制有影响，从而有助于更有效，新颖，有针对性的预防方法。结果还将基于社会经济地位提高对健康差异的贡献者的理解，并可能对预防与生物行为自我调节的困难相关的广泛不健康行为具有广泛的影响。公共卫生相关性：据信生物行为自我调节差会导致许多不健康的行为，包括暴饮暴食和肥胖的发展。从幼儿几年开始，对生物行为自我调节，饮食行为和体重增加过度增加之间关联发展的发展的理解可能对预防肥胖的新目标有希望。鉴于肥胖和与生物行为自我调节的斗争在低收入儿童中更为普遍，因此这项工作也可能具有解决肥胖症患病率的社会经济差异的特殊希望。此外，在幼儿期暴饮暴食可能会为生物行为自我调节的早期发展提供一个重要且前所未有的模型，从而导致一系列不健康的行为。因此，结果可以广泛地适用于更有效预防其他不健康行为，例如滥用药物。