MR-Image Guided Focused Ultrasound for Treatment of Liver and Renal Cancer

描述(由申请人提供)： 该项目的长期目标是开发一种治疗上腹部癌症的微创疗法，包括肝脏原发和转移性肿瘤，以及肾癌。高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)是下一代非侵入性肿瘤治疗系统的一种很有前途的技术。利用这项技术，超声波能量被集中在身体深处的某个点上，以热消融目标组织。这可以在皮肤表面以最小的热沉积来完成，并且不需要皮肤穿孔或切开。磁共振成像(MRI)可以提供组织温度，因此，这是一种将热能精确定向到目标组织的手段。这个项目的意义在于，它将为上腹部癌症提供一种非侵入性治疗选择。结直肠癌是导致男性和女性癌症相关死亡的第三大原因。这些死亡中的许多与结直肠癌转移到肝脏有关。同样，肾细胞癌和肝细胞癌通常是致命的恶性肿瘤，在美国的发病率正在上升。微创热疗在这些疾病的治疗中显示出良好的效果，但仍然存在许多技术挑战。这里提出的工作解决了其中的许多挑战，如果成功，将代表着癌症非侵入性治疗方面的重大进步。 公共卫生相关性：高强度聚焦超声是下一代非侵入性癌症治疗系统的一项很有前途的技术。该项目与公共卫生的相关性在于，它将提供改进的方法，用于提供和指导肝脏和肾脏的高强度聚焦超声治疗。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of this project is to develop a minimally invasive treatment for cancers in the upper abdomen, including primary and metastatic tumors in the liver, and renal cell carcinoma. High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a promising technique for the next generation of non-invasive cancer therapy systems. With this technology, ultrasound energy is focused at a point deep within the body to thermally ablate targeted tissue. This can be done with minimal heat deposition at the skin surface and without skin puncture or incision. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide tissue temperature, and, therefore, the means to precisely target thermal energy to target tissues. The significance of this project is that it would provide a non-invasive treatment option for cancers of the upper abdomen. Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer related deaths in men and women. Many of these deaths are associated with colorectal metastases to the liver. Similarly, renal cell carcinoma and heptatocellular carcinoma are often fatal malignancies which are increasing in incidence in the US. Minimally invasive thermal therapies are showing promising results in the treatment of these conditions, but many technical challenges remain. The work proposed here addresses many of these challenges and if successful, will represent a major advance in the non-invasive treatment of cancer. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: High intensity focused ultrasound is a promising technique for the next generation of non- invasive cancer therapy systems. The relevance of this project to public health is that it would provide improved methods for delivering and guiding high intensity focused ultrasound treatments in the liver and kidneys.