MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE NEUROTRANSMITTER GABA AND GLUTAMATE IN VIVO

体内神经递质 GABA 和谷氨酸的磁共振成像

• 批准号: 8361973
• 负责人: Kewen Cai
• 金额: $ 3.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-01 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8361973
• 关键词: Amines; Brain; Brain imaging; Central Nervous System Diseases; Chemicals; Diagnosis; Evaluation; Funding; Glutamates; Grant; Human; Magnetic Resonance; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Measures; Mediating; National Center for Research Resources; Neuraxis; Neurotransmitters; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Photons; Positron-Emission Tomography; Principal Investigator; Protons; Radiation; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resolution; Resources; Source; Surrogate Markers; Techniques; Treatment Efficacy; United States National Institutes of Health; cost; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; in vivo; novel; optical imaging; single photon emission computed tomography; tomography

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and Glutamate are the two major neurotransmitters of the brain. Their levels are also altered by disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) and several drugs acting on the central nervous system (CNS) mediate their effects by changing GABA and Glutamate levels. Hence, GABA and Glutamate serve as surrogate markers for diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy. Existing approaches for measuring regional changes in GABA and Glutamate in humans include positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission tomography (SPECT) and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS). The shortcomings of PET and SPECT are low resolution and radiation exposure, which limits applicability to functional studies. MRS on the other hand is able to detect GABA and Glutamate in-vivo, but requires complicated spectral editing techniques and has limited spatial and temporal resolution. In this project, we are developing a novel, noninvasive, nonradioactive and high resolution approach for imaging brain GABA and Glutamate exploiting chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) effect from the amine proton groups on GABA and glutamate.

这个子项目是许多利用资源的研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目的主要支持 子项目的主要研究者可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其它NIH来源。 列出的子项目总成本可能 代表子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 而不是由NCRR赠款提供给子项目或子项目工作人员的直接资金。 γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）和谷氨酸是大脑的两种主要神经递质。 它们的水平也会因中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病和几种药物而改变 作用于中枢神经系统（CNS），通过改变GABA和谷氨酸介导其作用 程度.因此，GABA和谷氨酸作为诊断、治疗和治疗的替代标志物， 疗效评价。现有的测量伽马-氨基丁酸和 人体内的谷氨酸包括正电子发射断层扫描（PET）、单光子发射 断层扫描（SPECT）和磁共振波谱（MRS）。PET的缺点和 SPECT是低分辨率和辐射暴露，这限制了功能研究的适用性。 另一方面，MRS能够在体内检测GABA和谷氨酸，但需要复杂的 光谱编辑技术，并具有有限的空间和时间分辨率。在这个项目中，我们 开发一种新的、非侵入性的、非放射性的和高分辨率的脑部成像方法 GABA和谷氨酸利用化学交换饱和转移（CEST）效应， GABA和谷氨酸盐上的胺质子基团。