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The development of neural responses to punishment in adolescence

青春期对惩罚的神经反应的发展

基本信息

批准号：
8507396
负责人：
Russell A Poldrack
金额：
$ 18.72万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-06-01 至 2015-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8507396
关键词：
12 year old 19 year old Address Adolescence Adolescent Adult Age Alcohol or Other Drugs use Amygdaloid structure Automobile Driving Behavior Behavioral Brain Brain region Cessation of life Child Choice Behavior Corpus striatum structure Decision Making Development Disease Drops Drug Addiction Drug abuse Drug usage Event Feedback Future Illicit Drugs Impairment Incentives Individual Individual Differences Injury Insula of Reil Lead Learning Life Literature Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures Modeling Nature Negative Finding Outcome Play Policies Process Psychological reinforcement Punishment Relative (related person)Research Rewards Risk Risk Behaviors Risk-Taking Signal Transduction Stimulus Teenagers Testing Time Translating Unsafe Sex adolescent drug use age difference age group age related blood oxygenation level dependent response design effective intervention interest neurodevelopment programs public health relevance reinforcer relating to nervous system response young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adolescence is a risk period for the onset of drug use, with more individuals initiating drug use during these years than any other time in life. In addition, those individuals who initiate drug use earlier in adolescence are at greater risk for developing drug abuse and dependence later in life. Adolescents are known to engage disproportionately in many types of risky behavior, such as reckless driving, illicit drug use, and unsafe sex. Research has aimed to determine whether the development of neural processing could lead to the post- adolescent drop in risk-taking behavior. While several studies have demonstrated shifts in reward sensitivity across adolescence, very little research has examined the development of sensitivity to punishment. Recent research has demonstrated behaviorally that the ability to learn from punishment continues to develop throughout adolescence. It is unclear, however, if this is because children and adolescents simply find negative events less aversive than adults, or if, instead, they find punishment equally unpleasant, but are unable to incorporate this information into a learning signal, known as a prediction error signal, that is necessary to learn to approach or avoid stimuli that have previously been rewarded or punished, respectively. The proposed study aims to dissociate between these two possibilities by having groups of children, adolescents, and young adults perform a valence-modulated probabilistic learning task in an MRI scanner, where they be rewarded for correct choices during one block, and punished for incorrect choices during another. BOLD response will be measured in a contrast of negative feedback vs. positive feedback and compared across age groups to determine developmental differences in overall response to punishment, and separately prediction error response to punishment will be measured. We predict that no age differences will emerge in the negative feedback vs. positive feedback contrast, but children and adolescents will show a diminished prediction error response relative to adults.

描述（由申请人提供）：青春期是开始吸毒的危险时期，在这几年开始吸毒的人比生命中的任何其他时期都多。此外，那些在青春期较早开始吸毒的人在以后的生活中出现药物滥用和依赖的风险更大。众所周知，青少年参与许多类型的危险行为，如鲁莽驾驶，非法使用药物，以及