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Improving Adolescent Decision Making Through Cognitive Control Training

通过认知控制训练改善青少年决策

基本信息

批准号：
8467700
负责人：
Jason M Chein
金额：
$ 18.36万
依托单位：
TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-05-15 至 2015-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8467700
关键词：
Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent Behavior Adolescent Risk Behavior Adult Affect Affective Age Alcohol or Other Drugs use Amygdaloid structure Anterior Area Automobile Driving Behavior Behavioral Brain Brain region Charge Cognitive Collaborations Complex Crime Decision Making Development Emotional Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Health Individual Intervention Lateral Link Measures Mediating Methodology Methods Parietal Participant Pattern Performance Personal Satisfaction Placebos Process Randomized Recording of previous events Relative (related person)Research Resistance Rest Risk Risk Behaviors Risk-Taking Sex Behavior Short-Term Memory Social Environment Stimulus System Testing Theoretical model Training Variant Ventral Striatum Work analog behavior measurement cognitive control cognitive neuroscience cognitive training cost follow-up improved insight neural patterning neuroimaging novel peer programs psychosocial development relating to nervous system reward processing skills young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent work in our lab suggests that, during adolescence, asynchronous patterns of development across different brain systems produce a period of increased sensitivity to affective stimuli and diminished capacity for cognitive control. Especially in affectively salient peer contexts, this regulatory imbalance may contribute to adolescents' increased proclivity to engage in risky behaviors (e.g., substance use, unprotected sexual activity, and reckless driving) that significantly threaten their health and well-being. In separate work, we and others have demonstrated the potential to improve adults' cognitive control through targeted working memory (WM) training. In the present proposal, we aim to bridge these two lines of research by using behavioral and neuroimaging methods to test a novel application of WM training to promote adolescents' cognitive control capabilities, and thus reduce risk taking. We hypothesize that adolescents' control over impulsive and automatic behaviors, especially in affectively salient contexts, can be improved through a targeted program of adaptive complex WM training. We further hypothesize that such improved cognitive control will engender trained adolescent participants with enhanced deliberative decision making skills, and hence reduce their proclivity toward risk taking. Using fMRI, we will characterize the mechanisms that underlie these behavioral changes. The PI and co-PI have a recent history of successful collaboration, and combined expertise in the cognitive neuroscience of cognitive control and the psychosocial development of adolescents and young adults. The proposed studies have the potential to greatly inform theoretical models of adolescent behavior, to yield fundamental insights into the processes that affect adolescent decision-making, to determine whether the maturational timetable of cognitive control can be accelerated through training, and to yield a low-cost intervention for reducing adolescent risk behavior.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们实验室最近的工作表明，在青春期，不同大脑系统的异步发育模式会产生一段时间，对情感刺激的敏感性增加，认知控制能力减弱。特别是在情感突出的同伴环境中，这种调节失衡可能导致青少年参与危险行为的倾向增加（例如，药物使用、无保护的性活动和鲁莽驾驶），严重威胁他们的健康和福祉。在单独的工作中，我们和其他人已经证明了通过有针对性的工作记忆（WM）训练来改善成年人认知控制的潜力。在目前的建议中，我们的目标是弥合这两条线的研究，使用行为和神经影像学的方法来测试一种新的应用WM培训，以促进青少年的认知控制能力，从而减少冒险。我们假设青少年对冲动和自动行为的控制，特别是在情感突出的情况下，可以通过有针对性的适应性复杂工作记忆训练来提高。我们进一步假设，这种改善的认知控制将产生训练有素的青少年参与者增强审议决策技能，从而减少他们的倾向冒险。使用功能磁共振成像，我们将描述这些行为变化的机制。 PI和co-PI最近有成功合作的历史，并结合了认知控制的认知神经科学和青少年和年轻人的心理社会发展方面的专业知识。拟议的研究有可能极大地告知青少年行为的理论模型，产生影响青少年决策的过程的基本见解，以确定是否可以通过训练加速认知控制的成熟时间表，并产生一个低成本的干预措施，以减少青少年的风险行为。