Observing auditory mechanics with pressure and motion measurements

通过压力和运动测量来观察听觉力学

• 批准号: 8420480
• 负责人: ELIZABETH S. OLSON
• 金额: $ 32.5万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-03-01 至 2016-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8420480
• 关键词: Abbreviations; Acoustic Nerve; Acoustics; Action Potentials; Air; Anatomy; Auditory; Basilar Membrane; Brain; Caliber; Clinical; Cochlea; Cochlear Implants; Cochlear duct; Cochlear implant procedure; Complement; Complex; Coupled; Crystalline Lens; Development; Ear; External auditory canal; Eye; Frequencies; Gerbils; Glass; Hearing; Histology; Hybrids; Image; Implant; Individual; Injection of therapeutic agent; Knowledge; Laboratories; Labyrinth; Laser-Doppler Velocimetry; Lasers; Lead; Liquid substance; Location; Masks; Measurement; Measures; Mechanics; Methodology; Methods; Monitor; Motion; Nature; Organ of Corti; Pattern; Plant Roots; Population; Process; Rodent; Scala Tympani; Sensory; Series; Side; Signal Transduction; Sorting - Cell Movement; Speed; Staging; Stapes; Surface; Techniques; Testing; Tissues; Tympanic membrane; Variant; Work; auditory stimulus; base; design; discount; expectation; extracellular; implantation; in vivo; interest; middle ear; miniaturize; novel; operation; platinum electrode; pressure; public health relevance; remediation; research study; response; round window; sensor; sound; tectorial membrane; theories; transmission process; vibration; voltage

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Exploring Auditory Mechanics with Pressure and Motion Measurements. The series of experiments proposed here use pressure sensors and other special techniques developed in our lab, complemented by well-established methods like laser-doppler velocimetry, to explore auditory mechanics. The projects of the first four aims continue and extend our previous work on inner and middle ear mechanics. The final aim develops and evaluates a new method for deep cochlear implant insertion. Sound input causes a wave-pattern of sensory tissue motion within the inner ear that is conveyed to the auditory nerve, leading to hearing. This takes place within cochlear compartments having very limited experimental accessibility. Aims one and two of the studies proposed here will push into these barely accessible compartments with specialized micro-sensors. Aim one uses a further miniaturized micro-pressure sensor for in vivo measurements of scala media pressure. Aim two advances our lab's well- established scala tympani pressure measurements by combining them with cochlear microphonic measurements at the same location, within micrometers of the organ of Corti. Both aims are designed to test specific theoretical predictions in order to have a strong impact on the advancement of knowledge. Sound is transmitted by the middle ear with high fidelity even at frequencies where the eardrum has a complex, random-wavy response to sound. Recent theories employ the eardrum wave for sound transmission, and our aim three tests that prediction by changing the wave speed with stiffening agents, measuring the wave speed with a laser velocimeter and also monitoring sound transmission with intracochlear pressure. Our second middle ear aim explores a theoretical prediction that the air cavity behind the eardrum provides reflection that is the basis for good sound transmission at high frequencies. Finally, our last aim explores a novel method for deep cochlear implant insertion using viscous forces. The method will by evaluated physiologically in the proposed studies.

描述（由申请人提供）：探索听觉力学与压力和运动测量。 这里提出的一系列实验使用压力传感器和我们实验室开发的其他特殊技术，辅以激光多普勒测速仪等成熟的方法，以探索听觉力学。前四个目标的项目继续并扩展了我们以前在内耳和中耳力学方面的工作。最终目的是开发和评估一种新的方法，深人工耳蜗植入。 声音输入导致内耳内的感觉组织运动的波形，该波形被传递到听觉神经，从而导致听觉。这发生在实验可及性非常有限的耳蜗隔室内。这里提出的第一项和第二项研究的目的是用专门的微型传感器进入这些几乎无法进入的隔间。目的一使用进一步小型化的微压力传感器在体内测量中阶压力。目的二是将我们实验室已建立的鼓阶压力测量与耳蜗微音器测量相结合，在Corti器官的微米范围内进行测量。这两个目标都是为了测试具体的理论预测，以便对知识的进步产生重大影响。声音通过中耳以高保真度传输，即使在鼓膜对声音具有复杂的随机波动响应的频率下。最近的理论采用鼓膜波的声音传输，我们的目标是三个测试，预测通过改变波的速度与硬化剂，测量波的速度与激光测速仪，也监测声音传输与颅内压。我们的第二个中耳目标探索了一个理论预测，即鼓膜后面的空气腔提供反射，这是高频良好声音传输的基础。最后，我们的最后一个目标是探索一种新的方法，使用粘性力深耳蜗植入。将在拟定研究中对该方法进行生理学评价。