National Consortium on Alcohol and NeuroDevelopment in Adolescence:Pittsburgh

描述（由申请人提供）：作为对RFA-AA-12-006的回应，本申请提出了全国青少年酒精和神经发育联盟匹兹堡研究部分（nanda: Pittsburgh）来确定酒精使用对青少年大脑发育的影响。招募年龄在12至21岁之间的170名匹兹堡高风险社区受试者（来自所有站点的N=680）将完成基线评估，并在加速纵向设计中进行每年3次的随访评估。在每次访问时，将测量多模态磁共振成像（MRI）方案、综合神经心理学电池、酒精和其他物质使用及相关问题、精神健康症状学和物质使用障碍风险因素的评估。脑成像包括最先进的高分辨率结构MRI （sMRI）、扩散张量成像（DTI）和静息状态MRI （rsMRI）。对酒精后果的检查将集中在青春期积极发育的大脑区域的结构和功能成熟上，这些区域涉及心理调节，对奖励作出反应，并被认为容易受到有毒酒精的影响。此外，nanda: Pittsburgh将合作进行两项补充研究。我们将与nanda: Duke合作进行一项研究，利用功能性MRI检查奖励调节的抗扫视任务期间的大脑活动，以研究酒精对奖励反应和行为抑制的影响。我们还将与nanda: SRI合作进行一项实验室睡眠研究，以检查酒精对青少年睡眠结构的影响。在风险和基线大脑特征的背景下进行研究，我们将确定酒精暴露对青少年大脑发育轨迹的影响，并确定可能使青少年酒精使用障碍风险升高的先前存在的心理生物学脆弱性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In response to RFA-AA-12-006, this application proposes the Pittsburgh Research Component of the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA: Pittsburgh) to determine the effects of alcohol use on the developing adolescent brain. Recruited at ages 12 through 21, a high risk enhanced community sample of 170 Pittsburgh subjects (N=680 from all sites) will complete a baseline assessment and undergo three annual follow-up assessments in an accelerated longitudinal design. At each visit, a multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol, comprehensive neuropsychological battery, and assessments of alcohol and other substance use and related problems, mental health symptomatology, and substance use disorder risk factors will be measured. Brain imaging includes state-of-the-art high resolution structural MRI (sMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and resting state MRI (rsMRI). The examination of alcohol consequences will focus on structural and functional maturation of brain areas that are actively developing during adolescence, involved in psychological regulation, responsive to rewards, and thought to be vulnerable to toxic alcohol effects. In addition, NCANDA: Pittsburgh will collaborate on two supplemental studies. We will collaborate with NCANDA: Duke in a study utilizing functional MRI to examine cerebral activation during a reward modulated anti-saccade task to study alcohol effects on reward responding and behavioral inhibition. We will also collaborate with NCANDA: SRI in a laboratory sleep study to examine the effects of alcohol on adolescent sleep architecture. Studied in the context of risks and baseline brain characteristics, we will determine both the effects of alcohol exposure on the developmental trajectory of the adolescent human brain, and identify preexisting psychobiological vulnerabilities that may put an adolescent at elevated risk for an alcohol use disorder.