National Consortium on Alcohol and NeuroDevelopment in Adolescence:Pittsburgh

描述（由申请人提供）：作为对RFA-AA-12-006的回应，本申请提出了国家青少年酒精和神经发育联盟（NCANDA：匹兹堡）的匹兹堡研究组成部分，以确定酒精使用对发育中的青少年大脑的影响。招募年龄为12至21岁的170名匹兹堡受试者（N=680名来自所有研究中心）的高风险增强社区样本，将完成基线评估，并在加速纵向设计中进行3次年度随访评估。在每次访视时，将测量多模式磁共振成像（MRI）方案、综合神经心理电池、酒精和其他物质使用及相关问题评估、精神健康障碍学和物质使用障碍风险因素。脑成像包括最先进的高分辨率结构MRI（sMRI）、扩散张量成像（DTI）和静息状态MRI（rsMRI）。酒精后果的检查将集中在结构和功能成熟的大脑区域，在青春期积极发展，参与心理调节，响应奖励，被认为是容易受到有毒酒精的影响。此外，NCANDA：匹兹堡将合作进行两项补充研究。我们将与NCANDA合作：杜克在一项研究中利用功能磁共振成像检查大脑激活过程中的奖励调制的反眼跳任务，研究酒精对奖励反应和行为抑制的影响。我们还将与NCANDA：SRI在实验室睡眠研究中合作，研究酒精对青少年睡眠结构的影响。在风险和基线大脑特征的背景下进行研究，我们将确定酒精暴露对青少年大脑发育轨迹的影响，并确定可能使青少年处于酒精使用障碍风险升高的预先存在的心理生物学脆弱性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In response to RFA-AA-12-006, this application proposes the Pittsburgh Research Component of the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA: Pittsburgh) to determine the effects of alcohol use on the developing adolescent brain. Recruited at ages 12 through 21, a high risk enhanced community sample of 170 Pittsburgh subjects (N=680 from all sites) will complete a baseline assessment and undergo three annual follow-up assessments in an accelerated longitudinal design. At each visit, a multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol, comprehensive neuropsychological battery, and assessments of alcohol and other substance use and related problems, mental health symptomatology, and substance use disorder risk factors will be measured. Brain imaging includes state-of-the-art high resolution structural MRI (sMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and resting state MRI (rsMRI). The examination of alcohol consequences will focus on structural and functional maturation of brain areas that are actively developing during adolescence, involved in psychological regulation, responsive to rewards, and thought to be vulnerable to toxic alcohol effects. In addition, NCANDA: Pittsburgh will collaborate on two supplemental studies. We will collaborate with NCANDA: Duke in a study utilizing functional MRI to examine cerebral activation during a reward modulated anti-saccade task to study alcohol effects on reward responding and behavioral inhibition. We will also collaborate with NCANDA: SRI in a laboratory sleep study to examine the effects of alcohol on adolescent sleep architecture. Studied in the context of risks and baseline brain characteristics, we will determine both the effects of alcohol exposure on the developmental trajectory of the adolescent human brain, and identify preexisting psychobiological vulnerabilities that may put an adolescent at elevated risk for an alcohol use disorder.