Novel Antibacterial Fluoride-releasing Dental Materials

项目说明/摘要 我们建议研究和开发抗菌和/或氟化物的新型牙科材料- 缓释协同作用形成高效抑龋剂 系统。这些材料预计将对大多数人的口腔健康产生巨大影响 脆弱的、高龋齿风险的人口部分：患有 口干或口干(由于干燥综合征、糖尿病、头部和颈部照射，以及 药物)、儿童、老年人和低社会经济群体。龋齿仍然是一种 世界性大流行性疾病。而树脂基牙科复合材料(RBC)广泛用于修复 龋齿、继发性(复发性)龋齿仍然是更换牙齿的主要原因。因此， 人们一直致力于开发释放防龋剂的复合材料。 比如氟化物。然而，目前的牙科复合材料在氟化物释放和氟化物释放方面都存在不足。 补充能力很强，很少有抗菌或其他预防菌斑的能力。 此外，所有牙科复合材料和复合体都需要粘结剂以减少边缘 渗漏和限制继发性龋病。然而，无论是无氟释放粘接还是低氟释放粘接 氟化物本身就是将氟化物输送到龋齿高发地区的障碍。另一个问题是， 大多数自酸蚀牙科粘结剂容易发生水解性降解，从而导致 最终渗漏、继发性龋齿和红细胞寿命缩短。在主要的龋齿预防方面， 密封剂，包括释放氟的密封剂，已经显示出预防龋齿的效果，但牙科 专业人士采用封闭剂的速度一直很慢，部分原因是担心龋齿会继续恶化 在封闭的凹坑和裂缝下。 该项目的目标是开发具有增强的抗菌活性的新型单体，增强的 氟化物释放和充电等功能，并将它们与氟化物释放填充剂和 生物活性填充剂，以克服与当前复合材料、粘合剂和 限制其龋齿的密封剂--抑制效果和修复寿命。这个项目有四个具体的 目的：(1)配制和优化新型抗菌释氟牙科复合材料，(2)配制和 优选一种新型水解性氟化物释放型牙科粘结剂，(3)研制并表征一种新型牙科粘合剂 新型抗菌生物活性密封剂，释放钙、磷和氟化物，(4)测试整体 通过人工龋病模型评价新型防龋性牙科材料体系的防龋性。这个 假说是：(1)含有新型氟离子交换单体的牙科材料将具有增强作用 氟化物释放和补充能力，同时保持足够或改进的物理和机械性能 属性。(2)抗菌活性与增强的再矿化能力相结合将 协同作用使修复材料的抑龋率显著提高。(3) 抗菌释氟复合材料、粘结剂和生物活性密封剂的联合使用 进一步减少龋齿。

Project Description/Abstract We propose to investigate and develop novel dental materials that are antibacterial and/or fluoride- releasing and act synergistically to form a highly effective caries-inhibition restorative system. Such materials are expected to have an enormous impact on the oral health of the most vulnerable, high caries-risk, portion of the population: the medically-compromised who suffer from xerostomia or dry mouth (due to Sj¿gren's syndrome, diabetes, head and neck irradiation, and medications), children, the elderly, and low socio-economic groups. Dental caries continues to be a worldwide pandemic disease. While resin-based dental composites (RBC) are widely used to restore carious teeth, secondary (recurrent) caries remains the leading cause cited for their replacement. Thus, much effort has been directed towards development of composites that release caries-preventing agents such as fluoride. Nevertheless, current dental composites are deficient in both fluoride-release and fluoride- recharge capabilities, and very few have antimicrobial or other capabilities for preventing plaque. Furthermore, all dental composites and compomers require bonding agents in order to reduce marginal leakage and limit secondary caries. Yet, both non-fluoride-releasing and low-fluoride-releasing bonding agents are inherently barriers to the transport of fluoride to caries-prone areas. Another problem is that the majority of self-etching dental bonding agents are susceptible to hydrolytical degradation, which leads to eventual leakage, secondary caries and reduced RBC lifetime. On the primary caries prevention front, sealants, including fluoride-releasing sealants, have shown caries-prevention efficacy, yet the dental profession has been slow to adopt sealants due, in part, to the fear that caries will continue to progress under sealed pits and fissures. The goal of this project is to develop novel monomers with enhanced antibacterial activity, enhanced fluoride release and recharge, and other capabilities, and combine them with fluoride-releasing fillers and bioactive fillers to overcome the multiple problems associated with current composites, adhesives and sealants that limit their caries-inhibition efficacy and restoration longevity. This project has four specific aims: (1) to formulate and optimize a novel antibacterial fluoride releasing dental composite, (2) to formulate and optimize a novel hydrolytically stable fluoride-releasing dental bonding agent, (3) to formulate and characterize a novel antibacterial bioactive sealant that releases calcium, phosphate, and fluoride, (4) to test the overall caries-inhibition efficacy of the novel anticariogenic dental material system by artificial caries models. The hypotheses are: (1) Dental materials containing the new fluoride exchange monomers will have enhanced fluoride release and recharge capabilities while maintaining adequate or improved physical and mechanical properties. (2) The combination of antimicrobial activity with enhanced remineralization capability will synergistically lead to significantly higher caries-inhibiting efficacy of the restorative materials. (3) The combined use of an antibacterial fluoride-releasing composite, bonding agent and bioactive sealant will further reduce caries.