Difficulties with Self-Control and High-Risk Alcohol Use in Young Adults

年轻人自我控制困难和高风险饮酒

• 批准号: 8321650
• 负责人: ROBERT F LEEMAN
• 金额: $ 14.15万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8321650
• 关键词: Alcohol consumption; Alcoholism; Alcohols; Award; Behavioral; Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students; Child Psychiatry; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Collaborations; Controlled Clinical Trials; Counseling; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Disincentive; Disinhibition; Doctor of Medicine; Doctor of Philosophy; Double-Blind Method; Elements; Equation; Esthesia; Expectancy; Faculty; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Guidelines; Heavy Drinking; Human; Impulse Control Disorders; Impulsivity; Individual; International; Intervention; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Link; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Modeling; Naltrexone; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Pharmacotherapy; Placebo Control; Population; Psychiatry; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk Factors; Sampling; Scientist; Self Administration; Self-control as a personality trait; Substance abuse problem; Techniques; Testing; Training; Validation; alcohol expectancy; alcohol intervention; alcohol related problem; alcohol research; alcohol testing; binge drinking; brief alcohol screening; career; design; drinking; efficacy testing; high risk; high risk drinking; interest; member; professor; programs; prospective; public health relevance; skills; social; trait; translational neuroscience; university student; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is for a "Mentored Research Scientist Development Award" (K01). The candidate, Robert Leeman, Ph.D., has a programmatic interest in high-risk alcohol use and difficulties with self-control, with a particular interest in the young adult population. Dr. Leeman aims, as a junior faculty member at Yale, to acquire skills to develop into an independent scientist in the field of alcohol research. The training and research plan enlists the mentorship and collaboration of Stephanie O'Malley, Ph.D., Professor of Psychiatry, the Director of the Division of Substance Abuse Research and the Clinical Core of the Yale Center for the Translational Neuroscience of Alcoholism (CTNA) and Marc Potenza, M.D., Ph.D., Associate Professor of Psychiatry and the Child Study Center and Director of the Yale Program for Research on Impulsivity and Impulse Control Disorders. The mentors-along with consultants, all of whom have international reputations in their fields-will assist Dr. Leeman in accomplishing his training goals, in completing the projects detailed in the research plan and in his progression toward becoming an independent researcher. Dr. Leeman's primary training goals for the K01 are 1) to enhance his skills in conducting alcohol administration research and 2) to develop specialized skills in data analytic techniques to model latent variables and to analyze prospective data. A secondary training goal is to learn more about the neurocircuitry implicated in trait and alcohol-induced disinhibition as well as the long-term alterations of neurocircuitry that typify alcoholism. The Research Plan consists of three interrelated studies that relate to Dr. Leeman's interests in alcohol use and self-control and will allow him to apply knowledge gained from the training proposed in the award: 1) testing structural equation models to assess associations among trait disinhibition, expectancies of alcohol's disinhibiting effects and impaired control over alcohol use and to assess these constructs as cross-sectional predictors of high-risk drinking; 2) a secondary data analysis to test disinhibition expectancies and impaired control over alcohol use as mediators of outcome in a clinical trial of naltrexone and BASICS counseling for heavy drinking reduction in young adults and 3) development and validation of a human alcohol self-administration paradigm designed to model impaired control over alcohol use. The proposed alcohol self-administration paradigm entails provision of disincentives for non-moderate alcohol use that disregards a controlled drinking guideline. The proposed research has the potential to inform our understanding of the ways in which various difficulties with self-control contribute to high-risk drinking. Results from the proposed research will provide preliminary data for an R01 application to be completed by Dr. Leeman during the award period. Completion of the proposed training and research would allow him to transition to independence as an investigator by the completion of this award and lay the groundwork for his long-term career goals. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Young adult heavy drinking is a significant public health concern. The candidate for this award requests training and proposes a research plan to progress toward independence as an investigator with focus on risk factors for and mechanisms underlying heavy drinking and alcohol-related problems in young adults. Knowledge about risk factors and underlying mechanisms can inform intervention approaches to reduce heavy drinking and alcohol-related problems in this population.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请旨在申请“指导研究科学家发展奖”（K01）。候选人罗伯特·利曼博士对高风险饮酒和自我控制困难有兴趣，特别是对年轻人口。作为耶鲁大学的初级教员，李曼博士的目标是获得技能，发展成为酒精研究领域的独立科学家。该培训和研究计划得到了耶鲁大学酗酒转化神经科学中心 (CTNA) 药物滥用研究部主任和临床核心精神病学教授 Stephanie O'Malley 博士和精神病学和儿童研究中心副教授兼耶鲁大学冲动和冲动研究项目主任 Marc Potenza 博士的指导和合作。 冲动控制障碍。导师和顾问都在各自的领域享有国际声誉，他们将协助 Leeman 博士实现他的培训目标，完成研究计划中详细说明的项目以及他成为一名独立研究员的进程。 Leeman 博士对 K01 的主要培训目标是 1) 提高进行酒精管理研究的技能，2) 培养数据分析技术方面的专业技能，以对潜在变量进行建模并分析前瞻性数据。第二个训练目标是更多地了解与特质和酒精引起的抑制解除有关的神经回路，以及典型酗酒的神经回路的长期改变。该研究计划由三项相互关联的研究组成，这些研究与 Leeman 博士对酒精使用和自我控制的兴趣有关，并使他能够应用从该奖项中提出的培训中获得的知识：1）测试结构方程模型，以评估特征解除抑制、酒精解除抑制效果的预期和饮酒控制受损之间的关联，并评估这些结构作为高风险饮酒的横截面预测因素； 2) 二次数据分析，以测试去抑制预期和对酒精使用的控制受损作为纳曲酮临床试验中结果的中介因素，以及针对年轻人减少酗酒的 BASICS 咨询；3) 开发和验证人类酒精自我管理范式，旨在模拟对酒精使用的控制受损。拟议的酒精自我管理范式需要对无视控制饮酒指南的非适度饮酒提供抑制措施。拟议的研究有可能帮助我们了解各种自我控制困难如何导致高风险饮酒。拟议研究的结果将为 Leeman 博士在奖励期间完成的 R01 申请提供初步数据。完成拟议的培训和研究将使他能够在完成该奖项后过渡为独立的调查员，并为他的长期职业目标奠定基础。 公共卫生相关性：年轻人酗酒是一个重大的公共卫生问题。该奖项的候选人要求接受培训，并提出一项研究计划，以作为一名调查员走向独立，重点关注年轻人酗酒和酒精相关问题的风险因素和机制。了解风险因素和潜在机制可以为干预方法提供信息，以减少该人群的酗酒和酒精相关问题。