Culture, Family Process, and Developmental Outcomes in Asian American Youth

亚裔美国青年的文化、家庭过程和发展成果

• 批准号: 8624704
• 负责人: YOONSUN CHOI
• 金额: $ 63.52万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-04-01 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8624704
• 关键词: Academic achievement; Acculturation; Adolescence; Adopted; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; American; Asian Americans; Asians; Assertiveness; Behavior; Behavioral; Belief; Biological Preservation; Child; Child Development; Chinese People; Complex; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Depression and Suicide; Development; Education; Empirical Research; Environment; Ethnic group; Face; Family; Family Process; Fathers; Filipino American; Gender; Goals; Growth; Illinois; Immigrant; Income; Indigenous; Investigation; Knowledge; Korean American; Label; Longitudinal Surveys; Mainstreaming; Measures; Mediation; Mental Health; Methods; Minority; Modeling; Mothers; Not Hispanic or Latino; Occupational; Outcome; Paint; Parent-Child Relations; Parenting behavior; Parents; Pattern; Performance; Population; Poverty; Process; Psyche structure; Public Health; Race; Reporting; Research; Role; Socioeconomic Status; Stereotyping; Subgroup; Training; United States; Violence; Woman; Youth; aged; behavioral health; boys; emerging adulthood; girls; high school; improved; neglect; prevent; psychologic; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; suicide rate; theories; trait; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Counter to the "model minority" stereotype, Asian American (AA) youth show a uniquely mixed pattern of behaviors. They report better academic performance, fewer externalizing problems (e.g., substance use, violence), but more internalizing problems (e.g., depression, suicide) than youth of other racial-ethnic groups. During emerging adulthood, the positive outcomes in AA youth do not seem to hold up, and poor mental health is exacerbated. In fact, the suicide rate among young AA women is alarming, posing a serious public concern. In addition, AA youth subgroups dramatically differ in youth outcomes: some subgroups fare well while others struggle. However, our current knowledge is seriously limited in understanding how parenting and parent-child relations help or hinder youth development among AA youth. The existing family-process model, which is derived mainly from Western conceptualization, does not seem to be adequate to predict health and behavioral outcomes in AA youth. For example, the associations between parenting and youth behaviors among AA youth do not often show a conventional pattern but in fact reveal a paradoxical pattern. Cultures vary in parenting beliefs and behaviors and how they establish parent-child relations. In addition, like all other minority youth, AA youth face acculturation, having to negotiate between parental and mainstream cultures. However, culturally unique aspects of family process and the issue of acculturation are often neglected in the existing parenting research. This study responds to the urgent need for reliable longitudinal data of AA youth, the fastest growing but one of the most understudied and misunderstood populations in the United States. This proposed study aims to formulate a culturally adequate family-process model that incorporates acculturation in family process to accurately explain the complex outcome patterns of AA youth. The study will collect annual longitudinal survey data from Filipino American and Korean American families in the state of Illinois (N=1,960; 350 youth, 350 mothers, and 280 fathers from 350 families with n=980 per group) with the following specific aims: (1) to examine the concurrent and longitudinal associations of family process (parental beliefs, parental behaviors, and parent-child relations) with academic achievement, externalizing problems, and internalizing problems among AA youth, (2) to delineate developmental trajectories and their determinants in family process for the three outcome domains during adolescence and through the transition to young adulthood among AA youth, and (3) to investigate the influences of acculturation on the ways family process is connected to youth outcomes and developmental trajectories among AA youth. The results of this study will guide AA parents to preserve the aspects of their parenting that produce and maintain positive youth behaviors but to modify their parenting or adopt new strategies to prevent serious internalizing problems or worsening of those problems. The results also can guide parents of other race/ethnic groups to adopt AA parenting methods to help maximize their child's potential growth without increasing mental-health problems.

描述(由申请人提供)：与“模范少数族裔”的刻板印象相反，亚裔美国(AA)青年表现出一种独特的混合行为模式。他们报告说，与其他种族群体的年轻人相比，他们的学习成绩更好，外在问题(例如，药物使用、暴力)较少，但内化问题(例如，抑郁、自杀)更多。在刚成年的时候，再生障碍性贫血青少年的积极结果似乎站不住脚，糟糕的心理健康状况加剧。事实上，年轻的AA女性的自杀率令人震惊，引起了公众的严重关注。此外，AA青年亚组在青年结果上存在巨大差异：一些亚组表现良好，而另一些亚组则表现不佳。然而，我们目前的知识严重局限于了解父母养育和亲子关系如何帮助或阻碍AA青少年的青少年发展。现有的主要源自西方概念化的家庭过程模型似乎不足以预测再生障碍性贫血青少年的健康和行为结果。例如，在AA青少年中，父母教养与青少年行为之间的联系通常不会表现出常规的模式，而实际上揭示了一种矛盾的模式。不同的文化在育儿信仰和行为以及如何建立亲子关系方面存在差异。此外，像所有其他少数族裔青年一样，AA青年面临着文化适应，不得不在父母文化和主流文化之间进行谈判。然而，在现有的育儿研究中，家庭过程的文化独特性和文化适应问题往往被忽视。这项研究回应了对AA青年可靠纵向数据的迫切需求，AA青年是美国增长最快但最未被研究和误解的人群之一。本研究旨在建立一个具有文化适应性的家庭过程模型，将文化适应融入到家庭过程中，以准确解释再生障碍性贫血青少年的复杂结局模式。这项研究将收集伊利诺伊州菲律宾裔美国人和韩裔美国人家庭的年度纵向调查数据(N=1,960；本研究以350个家庭的350名青年、350名母亲和280名父亲为研究对象，每组980人，研究目的如下：(1)考察家庭过程(父母信仰、父母行为和亲子关系)与再障青少年学业成就、外在问题和内化问题的同步和纵向关联；(2)揭示再障青少年在青春期和成年期三个结果领域的家庭过程发展轨迹及其决定因素；(3)探讨文化适应对家庭过程与青少年成就和发展轨迹联系方式的影响。这项研究的结果将指导AA父母保留其父母养育方式中产生和保持积极青少年行为的方面，但修改他们的父母养育方式或采取新的策略来防止严重的内化问题或这些问题的恶化。研究结果还可以指导其他种族/民族的父母采用AA育儿方法，在不增加心理健康问题的情况下，帮助他们的孩子最大限度地实现潜在的成长。