Evaluation and Validation of Dried Blood Spots as Matrix for Exposure Assessment

描述（由申请人提供）：生物监测已成为评估包括持久性有机污染物（POP）在内的各种化学品暴露的常用工具。持久性有机污染物通常在血清中测量，通常需要抽取10 mL或更多的全血。由于样本采集的侵入性，婴儿和儿童通常不包括在评估持久性有机污染物接触或健康影响的研究中。干血斑（DBS）是从所有新生儿出生时收集的，并由州卫生部门存档多年。DBS是持久性有机污染物生物监测的一个潜在的矩阵。使用DBS的明显优势包括：（1）可以很容易地从参与者或非医务人员处收集;（2）DBS卡与采血用品相比价格便宜;（3）每个州都有该州出生的所有儿童的DBS档案;（4）DBS可以很容易地使用标准邮政服务从现场邮寄到实验室;和（5）它们可用于收集婴儿或儿童血液样品。尽管它们具有优势，但很少有实验室尝试将其用作生物监测研究的基质。我们建议开发和验证一个敏感的，选择性和精确的方法来测量多溴联苯，多氯联苯和有机氯农药在一个单一的DBS。我们将测量这些化学品在50个新生儿DBS样本存档1970-1980年在密歇根州，一个国家经历了污染事件，在1070年代初，导致广泛暴露于某些持久性有机污染物。这些测量将帮助我们了解存档超过40年的DBS是否可用于历史测试目的，并将帮助我们确定污染发生的确切年份。此外，我们计划对分别在干冰上（过夜）和通过USPS运送到实验室的配对血清和DBS样本的前瞻性采集进行现场测试，以确定它们是否相关而无明显偏倚。这项研究不仅将为我们目前在密歇根州的队列研究提供信息，还将为其他寻求也可用于婴儿和儿童的具有成本效益的样本收集策略的研究提供信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Biomonitoring has become a common tool in assessing exposure to a variety of chemicals including persistent organic pollutants (POPs). POPs are typically measured in blood serum, usually requiring a 10 mL whole blood draw or more. Because of the invasiveness of sample collection, infants and children are not typically included in studies evaluating POPs exposure or health effects. Dried blood spots (DBS) are collected from all neonates at birth and are archived by the state health department for a number of years. DBS represent a potential matrix for biomonitoring of POPs. Distinct advantages of using DBS include: (1) they can be easily collected from participant or non-medical personnel; (2) DBS cards are inexpensive compared to blood collection supplies; (3) each state has an archive of DBS from all children born in the state; (4) DBS can be easily mailed from the field to laboratory using standard postal services; and (5) they can be used to collect infant or child blood samples. Despite their advantages, few laboratories have attempted to use them as a matrix for biomonitoring studies. We propose to develop and validate a sensitive, selective and precise method for measuring polybrominated biphenyls, polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in a single DBS. We will measure these chemicals in 50 neonate DBS samples archived from 1970-1980 in Michigan, a state that experienced a contamination event in the early 1070s which resulted in widespread exposure to certain POPs. These measurements will help us to understand if DBS archived for over 40 years are useful for historic testing purposes and will help us pinpoint the exact year the contamination occurred. In addition, we plan to field test the prospective collection of paired serum and DBS samples shipped to the laboratory on dry ice (overnight) and via USPS, respectively, to determine if they correlate without appreciable bias. This research will not only inform our current cohort study in Michigan but also other studies seeking cost-effective sample collection strategies that can also be used on infants and children.