Characterizing Exposures and Outcomes in an Urban Birth Cohort (CHERUB)

摘要-项目1 尽管许多研究表明少数民族对环境毒物的风险增加 暴露和不利的出生、健康和发育结果，没有出生队列的特征 由于气候差异，美国东南部少数民族之间的接触可能是不同的， 住房、人口和交通密度、文化和种族/民族构成。其中最引人注目的是 健康差距在于早产率(出生和妊娠37周)，这是婴儿的一个重要预测因素 健康和神经发育。与其他种族/民族相比，非裔美国人(AA)， 特别是东南部大都市，早产率显著上升。而AA 种族是妊娠缩短的一个强有力的预测因素，种族内的差异仍然知之甚少。生长 有证据支持出生前和出生后暴露的外源环境 暴露和内源性微生物组和代谢过程-影响出生结局和 通过复杂的关系进行神经发育。例如，微生物群在 环境毒物的晶状体前转化，反之，环境暴露可能会扰乱 微生物群。目前对再生障碍性贫血母婴的外源性和内源性暴露知之甚少。 或它们如何结合在一起影响婴儿的健康和发育，因为前瞻性研究描述了 暴露及其如何影响怀孕和婴儿健康的情况很少。 更好地理解外生环境和环境之间的复杂关系 内源性微生物群可能有助于解释个体之间对环境暴露的易感性。 拟议的研究将通过利用两个支柱研究的资源来填补现有的知识空白：(1)科目 以及从社会经济不同的AA孕妇队列中收集的数据 最近发起了一项为期5年的研究(Parent Study，R01 NR014800)，评估孕妇产前微生物组为 预测出生结果；(2)埃默里大学NIH资助的人类的分析和生物信息学资源 Exposome Research Center(Hercules；P30 ES019776)。对于来自父代的现有队列的子集 研究(N=300对母婴)，拟议的研究将增加产前和出生后环境暴露 评估数据(邻苯二甲酸盐、双酚A、溴化阻燃剂、杀虫剂、对羟基苯甲酸酯、空气污染物) 这将使我们更好地了解再生障碍性贫血儿童面临的胎儿和早期接触的范围。 并有机会评估这些产前暴露是否会影响分娩结果。这件事的成功 研究由一个代表暴露评估科学、母婴专业知识的团队提供支持 卫生、流行病学和信息学；拟议研究和正在进行的研究的关键人员重叠 父母研究；并得到埃默里大学大力神暴露体研究中心及其 翻译科学研究所(CTSA奖#NIH UL1TR000454)。

ABSTRACT – Project 1 Despite numerous studies demonstrating the elevated risk of minorities for environmental toxicant exposures and adverse birth, health, and developmental outcomes, no birth cohorts have characterized exposures among minorities in the US Southeast, which are likely distinct due to differences in climate, housing, population and traffic density, culture, and racial/ethnic composition. Among the most pronounced of health disparities is in the rate of preterm birth (birth < 37 weeks gestation), an important predictor of infant health and neurodevelopment. Compared to those of other race/ethnicities, African Americans (AA), particularly those of the metropolitan Southeast, experience markedly elevated rates of preterm birth. While AA race is a strong predictor of shortened gestation, within-race variation remains poorly understood. Growing evidence supports that aspects of the prenatal and postnatal exposome – exogenous environmental exposures and endogenous microbiome and metabolic processes – influence birth outcomes and neurodevelopment through complex relationships. For example, the microbiome plays a role in the presystemic transformation of environmental toxicants and, conversely, environmental exposures may perturb the microbiome. Today little is known about the exogenous and endogenous exposures of AA mother-infant pairs or how they combine to affect infant health and development because prospective studies characterizing exposures and how they influence pregnancy and infant health are scarce. Gaining a better understanding of the complex relationships between the exogenous environment and the endogenous microbiome may help to explain inter-individual susceptibility to environmental exposures. The proposed study will fill existing knowledge gaps by leverage resources of two pillar studies: (1) Subjects and data collected from the socioeconomically diverse cohort of pregnant AA women participating in our recently initiated 5-year study (Parent Study, R01 NR014800) assessing the maternal prenatal microbiome as predictive of birth outcomes; (2) Analytic and bioinformatic resources of Emory University’s NIH-funded Human Exposome Research Center (HERCULES; P30 ES019776). For a subset of the existing cohort from the Parent Study (N=300 mother-infant pairs), the proposed study will add prenatal and postnatal environmental exposure assessment data (to phthalates, bisphenol A, brominated flame retardants, pesticides, parabens, air pollutants) that will provide both a better understanding of the range of fetal and early life exposures faced by AA children and an opportunity to assess whether these prenatal exposures influence birth outcomes. The success of this research is supported by a team representing expertise in exposure assessment science, maternal-child health, epidemiology and informatics; the overlap of key personnel for the proposed study and the on-going Parent Study; and support from Emory University’s HERCULES Exposome Research Center and its Translational Science Institute (CTSA award # NIH UL1TR000454).