Design and Optimization Core

提出P01的一个主要目的是开发吸烟的慢性护理治疗，该治疗只包括实验验证的干预成分，并且适用于戒烟的每个阶段。这将使用多相优化策略（MOST）来完成，这是一种工程启发的方法框架，用于开发、优化和评估多组分处理。设计和优化核心通过为与此创新方法相关的专业知识和支持提供集中资源来服务于P01。具体目标是：1)支持并作为MOST应用的智力资源。在整个资助期内，有必要将实质性知识与专门的方法专业知识结合起来，如有效的实验设计、分析和基于实验结果的决策。这个核心将支持和帮助协调这些活动。2)完善MOST框架和相关的方法工具。这一P01申请提出了第一个全面的研究计划，旨在对临床吸烟治疗进行原则性、系统性的优化。所获得的经验将显著推动MOST方法的发展（例如，通过改进选择干预成分进行进一步研究的方法）。3)通过期刊文章、研讨会等向科学家和临床医生传播MOST框架和相关方法工具，不仅在戒烟领域，而且在其他癌症预防和治疗领域。4)与Analysis Core密切合作，进行二次数据分析，为后续的MOST循环奠定基础，以进一步改善戒烟治疗。有效和/或效率的有意义的增量改进是MOST的持续目标。下一轮科技费将在竞争性续期申请中提出。总而言之，这一核心将使戒烟治疗和治疗发展方法方面的科学进展同时取得，每个领域的进展支持和通报另一个领域的进展。

A primary aim of the proposed P01 is to develop chronic care treatment for smoking that comprises only experimentally validated intervention components and that is appropriate for every phase of smoking cessation. This will be accomplished using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST), an engineering inspired methodological framework for developing, optimizing, and evaluating multicomponent treatments. The Design and Optimization Core serves the P01 by providing a centralized resource for expertise and support pertaining to this innovative approach. The Specific Aims are: 1) Support and serve as an intellectual resource for this application of MOST. Throughout the entire funding period it will be necessary to integrate substantive knowledge with specialized methodological expertise on topics such as efficient experimental design, analysis, and decision making based on the results of experimentation. This core will support and help coordinate these activities. 2) Refine the MOST framework and related methodological tools. This P01 application proposes the first comprehensive research program aimed at the principled, systematic optimization of a clinical smoking treatment. The experience gained will advance MOST methods significantly (e.g., by improving methods for selecting intervention components for further study). 3) Disseminate the MOST framework and related methodological tools to the scientific community via journal articles, workshops, and the like to scientists and clinicians, not only in the smoking cessation area but also in other areas of cancer prevention and treatment. 4) In close collaboration with the Analysis Core, conduct secondary data analyses to lay groundwork for a subsequent cycle of MOST to make further incremental improvements to the smoking cessation treatment. Meaningful incremental improvement in effectiveness and/or efficiency is an ongoing objective of MOST. The next cycle of MOST will be proposed in a competitive renewal application. In sum, this core will enable scientific progress to be made simultaneously in both smoking cessation treatment and in methodology for treatment development, with progress in each domain supporting and informing progress in the other.