University of Miami Vision Loss Prevention Translational Research Center

描述：迈阿密大学预防视力损失翻译研究中心视力问题是导致美国人口残疾的十大疾病之一，大约一半的严重视力障碍是可以通过早期发现和治疗来预防的。疾病控制和预防中心启动了视觉健康倡议(VHI)，以制定一个协调的国家公共卫生框架，以应对美国日益增长的眼部疾病和残疾负担。迈阿密大学眼科流行病学研究小组(UM-OERG)长期关注健康差距的研究，是眼科和流行病学系以及巴斯科姆·帕尔默眼科研究所(BPEI)的联合伙伴关系，巴斯科姆·帕尔默眼科研究所一直被评为美国最好的眼科医院之一。UM-OERG包括流行病学家、卫生服务研究人员、卫生政策专家、眼科临床医生科学家、生物统计学家和社区卫生研究人员，将重点关注当地服务不足的人群(包括西班牙裔、非裔美国人和海地裔美国人)，以评估促进和阻碍获得高质量和具有成本效益的眼睛保健的系统层面和个人层面的因素。提出了四个项目，均为40岁及以上的成年人，将在第一年进行必要的修改，以制定跨翻译研究中心(TRC)的通用指标；此外，还列出了一项拟议的TRC网络研究：1)对BPEI医疗和账单记录进行全面分析，以确定以下致残眼部疾病患者的治疗模式：年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)、白内障、糖尿病视网膜病变和开角型青光眼，这是保险状况、保险类型、眼睛诊断和患者社会人口特征的函数；2)开发和管理卫生保健提供者调查，包括所有Bascom-Palmer眼科医生、验光师，并在迈阿密-戴德县选择辅助医务人员、社区眼科护理提供者和初级保健保健提供者，重点是医疗服务不足的地区，以评估眼科治疗和转诊做法，对其患者群体中视力障碍的风险因素的知识和咨询，以及最佳眼病治疗的障碍；3)开发和管理BPEI眼科患者的等候室调查以及选定的社区眼科护理诊所；4)制定和进行基于社区的调查，调查居住在迈阿密-戴德县医疗服务不足人群中的成年人；以及5)提出一项TRC网络研究，该研究将利用“系统方法”将戒烟的临床实践指南整合并实施到初级保健和眼科三级保健中。研究结果将通过我们建立的UM健康差异外联核心在当地传播给服务不足的目标人群医疗保健提供者，并通过利益相关者会议在各个区域控制中心传播，以便为旨在改善人口水平视力健康的行为改变和医疗实践提供信息。

DESCRIPTION : University of Miami Vision Loss Prevention Translational Research Center Vision problems are among the top ten conditions responsible for disability in the US population and approximately half of severe visual impairment is preventable via early detection and treatment. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has launched the Vision Health Initiative (VHI) to develop a coordinated national public health framework to address the growing burden of ocular disease and disability in the US. The University of Miami Ocular Epidemiology Research Group (UM-OERG), which has a long-standing interest in health disparities research, is a joint partnership between the Departments of Ophthalmology and Epidemiology, as well as the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (BPEI), which is consistently rated as one of the nation's best ophthalmic hospitals in the US. The UM-OERG, which includes epidemiologists, heath services researchers, health policy experts, ocular clinician-scientists, biostatisticians, and community health researchers will focus on local underserved populations, (including Hispanic, African-American, and Haitian- American), to evaluate system-level and individual-level factors which enhance and impede access to high quality and cost-effective ocular health care. Four projects are proposed, all in adults 40 years of age and older, which will be modified as necessary in year one in order to develop common metrics across the Translational Research Centers (TRCs); in addition a proposed TRC Network Study is listed: 1) Undertake comprehensive analysis of BPEI medical and billing records to determine treatment patterns for patients with the following disabling ocular conditions: age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataract, diabetic retinopathy, and open-angle glaucoma, as a function of insurance status, insurance type, ocular diagnosis, and patient socidemographic characteristics; 2) Develop and administer health care provider surveys including all Bascom-Palmer ophthalmologists, optometrists, and select ancillary medical personnel, community ocular care providers, and primary care healthcare providers throughout Miami-Dade County with an emphasis on medically underserved areas, in order to assess ocular treatment and referral practices, knowledge of and counseling for risk factors for visual disorders in their patient populations, and barriers to the optimal treatment of ocular conditions; 3) Develop and administer waiting room surveys of BPEI ocular patients as well as in select community ocular care clinics; 4) Develop and undertake community-based surveys of adults residing in medically underserved populations in Miami-Dade county; and 5) Propose a TRC Network Study which will utilize a "systems-approach" to integrate and implement into primary care and ocular tertiary health care, clinical practice guidelines for smoking cessation. Research findings will be disseminated locally to targeted underserved populations health care providers via our established UM Health Disparities Outreach Core, and across TRCs via stakeholder meetings in order to inform behavior change and health care practices designed to improve population-level vision health.