SENSORY IMPAIRMENT IN OLDER ADULTS--A PILOT STUDY

共病感觉障碍的流行病学尚未得到广泛研究，特别是在少数族裔人群中。该项目的目的是收集试点数据，并确定一项重大研究的可行性，以确定在以人口为基础的非裔美国人样本中感觉障碍、多种感觉障碍和致残眼和耳疾病的流行率。迈阿密-戴德县50岁及以上的古巴裔美国人和非西班牙裔白人成年人。佛罗里达。本试点研究的主要目的是：1)在预先选定的人口普查区域内对家庭进行抽样，招募50名非洲裔美国人、50名古巴裔美国人和50名年龄在50岁及以上的非西班牙裔白人，并从每个参与者那里收集有限的自我报告和临床数据，这些数据类似于未来重大研究建议的数据；2)通过记录重要方面来确定未来重大研究的可行性，这些重要方面包括：a)应答率，b)访谈和选定临床措施的重测可靠性，c)数据管理和质量控制程序，d)社区意识和参与，包括社区领导人和机构对研究的支持，以及3)为未来重大研究制定操作手册。为了可比性。收集数据的方式将类似于听力损失流行病学研究，这是目前美国正在进行的唯一一项基于人群的多感觉系统研究。参与试点研究的成年人将接受家庭访谈，评估：当前药物使用、慢性病病史、牙科问题、过敏、传染病、耳眼疾病、伤害、职业和休闲时间噪音暴露、日常生活活动、日常生活工具活动、自我报告的感官障碍(嗅觉、味觉、视觉、听力、耳鸣、头晕/平衡、触觉)、睡眠困难、吸烟史、暴露在环境烟草烟雾中、饮酒史。体力活动。抑郁、饮食习惯、文化适应和社会经济地位。还将实施两项评估味觉和嗅觉损害的临床措施。这项未来的主要研究将涉及最近在NIA计划公告#PA-99-1 23中概述的几个研究目标，“老化感觉：多个感觉系统之间的关系”，包括：1)检查老年人多个感觉系统同时下降的程度。2)这种下降可能会对个体的功能能力产生影响。

The epidemiology of co-morbid sensory impairments has not been extensively studied, particularly in minority populations. The purposes of this project are to collect pilot data for, and to establish the feasibility of a major study to determine the prevalence of sensory impairment, multiple sensory impairment and disabling eye and ear diseases in a population-based sample of African-American. Cuban-American, and non-Hispanic white adults age 50 and older in Miami-Dade County. Florida. The main purposes of the present pilot study are to: 1) sample households within preselected census tracts to recruit a population-based sample of 50 African-Americans, 50 Cuban-Americans, and 50 non-Hispanic whites, ages 50 years and older, and collect from each participant a limited subset of self-report and clinical data similar to those proposed for the major future study; 2) establish the feasibility of the major future study by documenting important aspects including: a) response rates, b) test-retest reliability of interview and selected clinical measures, c) data management and quality control procedures, and d) community awareness and involvement, including support for the study from community leaders and institutions and 3) develop the Manual of Operations (MOOP) for the future major study. For comparability. data will be collected in a fashion similar to the Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study which is the only on-going population-based study of multiple sensory systems presently being conducted in the US. Adults in the pilot study will be administered a household interview assessing: current medication use, history of chronic conditions, dental problems, allergies, infectious diseases, ear and eye diseases, injuries, occupational and leisure time noise exposure, activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, self-reported sensory impairments (smell, taste, vision, hearing, tinnitus, dizziness/balance, tactile), sleep difficulties, smoking history, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, alcohol consumption history. physical activity. depression, dietary habits, acculturation and socioeconomic status. Two clinical measures assessing taste and smell impairment will also be administered. This future major study will address several research objectives recently outlined in the NIA Program Announcement #PA-99-1 23, "The Aging Senses: Relationships Among Multiple Sensory Systems" including: 1) examination of the extent of concurrent declines in multiple sensory systems in the elderly. and 2) the effects of such declines might have on the functional capacities of the individual.