University of Miami Vision Loss Prevention Translational Research Center

产品说明：迈阿密大学视力丧失预防转化研究中心视力问题是导致美国人口残疾的十大疾病之一，大约一半的严重视力障碍可以通过早期发现和治疗来预防。美国疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）发起了视力健康倡议（VHI），旨在制定一个协调的国家公共卫生框架，以解决美国日益增长的眼部疾病和残疾负担。迈阿密大学眼科流行病学研究小组（UM-OERG）长期以来一直对健康差异研究感兴趣，是眼科和流行病学系以及巴斯科姆帕尔默眼科研究所（BPEI）之间的联合伙伴关系，该研究所一直被评为美国最好的眼科医院之一。UM-OERG包括流行病学家、卫生服务研究人员、卫生政策专家、眼科临床医生-科学家、生物统计学家和社区卫生研究人员，将重点关注当地服务不足的人群（包括西班牙裔、非洲裔美国人和海地裔美国人），以评估增强和阻碍获得高质量和具有成本效益的眼科保健的系统水平和个人水平因素。提出了四个项目，都是40岁及以上的成年人，将在第一年进行必要的修改，以制定跨转化研究中心（TRC）的通用指标;此外，还列出了一项拟议的TRC网络研究：1）对BPEI医疗和账单记录进行全面分析，以确定患有以下致残性眼部疾病的患者的治疗模式：年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）、白内障、糖尿病视网膜病变和开角型青光眼，作为保险状态、保险类型、眼科诊断和患者社会人口学特征的函数; 2）制定和管理医疗保健提供者调查，包括所有Bascom-Palmer眼科医生，验光师，并选择辅助医疗人员，社区眼科护理提供者，和迈阿密戴德县的初级保健医疗服务提供者，重点是医疗服务不足的地区，以评估眼部治疗和转诊实践，患者人群中视力障碍风险因素的知识和咨询，以及眼部疾病最佳治疗的障碍; 3）开发和管理BPEI眼科患者的候诊室调查以及选择社区眼科护理诊所; 4）开发和开展迈阿密-戴德县医疗服务不足人群中居住的成年人的社区调查;及5）建议进行一项“知识与资源中心网络研究”，采用“系统方法”，将戒烟临床指引纳入基层医疗及眼科三级医疗，并加以推行。研究结果将通过我们建立的UM健康差异外展核心在当地传播给目标服务不足的人群医疗保健提供者，并通过利益相关者会议在TRC之间传播，以告知旨在改善人群视力健康的行为改变和医疗保健实践。

DESCRIPTION : University of Miami Vision Loss Prevention Translational Research Center Vision problems are among the top ten conditions responsible for disability in the US population and approximately half of severe visual impairment is preventable via early detection and treatment. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has launched the Vision Health Initiative (VHI) to develop a coordinated national public health framework to address the growing burden of ocular disease and disability in the US. The University of Miami Ocular Epidemiology Research Group (UM-OERG), which has a long-standing interest in health disparities research, is a joint partnership between the Departments of Ophthalmology and Epidemiology, as well as the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (BPEI), which is consistently rated as one of the nation's best ophthalmic hospitals in the US. The UM-OERG, which includes epidemiologists, heath services researchers, health policy experts, ocular clinician-scientists, biostatisticians, and community health researchers will focus on local underserved populations, (including Hispanic, African-American, and Haitian- American), to evaluate system-level and individual-level factors which enhance and impede access to high quality and cost-effective ocular health care. Four projects are proposed, all in adults 40 years of age and older, which will be modified as necessary in year one in order to develop common metrics across the Translational Research Centers (TRCs); in addition a proposed TRC Network Study is listed: 1) Undertake comprehensive analysis of BPEI medical and billing records to determine treatment patterns for patients with the following disabling ocular conditions: age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataract, diabetic retinopathy, and open-angle glaucoma, as a function of insurance status, insurance type, ocular diagnosis, and patient socidemographic characteristics; 2) Develop and administer health care provider surveys including all Bascom-Palmer ophthalmologists, optometrists, and select ancillary medical personnel, community ocular care providers, and primary care healthcare providers throughout Miami-Dade County with an emphasis on medically underserved areas, in order to assess ocular treatment and referral practices, knowledge of and counseling for risk factors for visual disorders in their patient populations, and barriers to the optimal treatment of ocular conditions; 3) Develop and administer waiting room surveys of BPEI ocular patients as well as in select community ocular care clinics; 4) Develop and undertake community-based surveys of adults residing in medically underserved populations in Miami-Dade county; and 5) Propose a TRC Network Study which will utilize a "systems-approach" to integrate and implement into primary care and ocular tertiary health care, clinical practice guidelines for smoking cessation. Research findings will be disseminated locally to targeted underserved populations health care providers via our established UM Health Disparities Outreach Core, and across TRCs via stakeholder meetings in order to inform behavior change and health care practices designed to improve population-level vision health.