Interaction of Emotional Perception and Visual Attention

情绪感知和视觉注意力的相互作用

• 批准号: 8814777
• 负责人: LUIZ PESSOA
• 金额: $ 56.19万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-06-19 至 2020-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8814777
• 关键词: Amygdaloid structure; Anterior; Anxiety Disorders; Aversive Stimulus; Behavior; Behavioral Mechanisms; Brain; Clinical; Cognitive; Collaborations; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Data Analyses; Dorsal; Drug Addiction; Drug abuse; Emotional; Emotions; Event; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Grant; Graph; Habits; Human; Image; Insula of Reil; Learning; Light; Link; Machine Learning; Medial; Mental Depression; Midbrain structure; Modeling; Motivation; Paper; Perception; Play; Positioning Attribute; Process; Psychopathology; Publications; Publishing; Punishment; Research; Research Personnel; Rewards; Role; Series; Shapes; Stimulus; Structure of terminal stria nuclei of preoptic region; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Uncertainty; Visual attention; affective neuroscience; base; brain behavior; clinically relevant; cognitive task; emotional stimulus; experience; improved; information processing; motivated behavior; motivational processes; public health relevance; research study; response; reward processing; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The processing of negative information and its often deleterious impact on behavior has been extensively investigated. Importantly, how the brain processes negative information is thought to be centrally linked to the psychopathologies of depression and the anxiety disorders. The processing of positive information, say as manipulated via reward, also has been extensively studied. In this case, how the brain processes positive information is thought to be centrally linked to drug abuse and addiction. Although a lot is known about the systems involved in processing negative and positive information, we are only starting to make progress in understanding how they simultaneously act in the brain and thus influence "normal" and clinically relevant behaviors. Filling this gap is important because in many real-world situations both negative and positive systems simultaneously contribute to behaviors. From a clinical standpoint, for example, in depression both systems likely play important roles. The objective of the present application is to advance our understanding of the interactions between negative and positive information processing in the brain and their impact on behavior. Critical questions that will be investigated include: do negative and positive systems interact always antagonistically as often assumed following classical theories of opponent processing? Under what conditions, if any, do they interact synergistically? What is the role of context, say as determined by which information is task relevant, in shaping the interactions between negative and positive systems? Across two aims, we will test whether the interactions between negative and positive processing are antagonistic vs. cooperative. Aim 1 will investigate interactions between negative and positive processing when aversive information is "punctual" (e.g., an aversive image or a CS+ stimulus presented at a specific point in time). Both the impact of negative information on reward processing and the impact of reward on the processing of aversive stimuli will be investigated. Aim 2 will investigate the interactions between negative and positive processing when aversive information is "state" like (e.g., aversive events linked to prolonged situations in which aversive events may occur; say, tens of seconds to minutes). Collectively, we expect to shed light on the mechanisms underlying the interactions between negative and positive processing in the brain, and make important new contributions to cognitive/affective neuroscience that have the potential to be of clinical relevance.

描述（由申请人提供）：负面信息的处理及其对行为的有害影响已被广泛调查。重要的是，大脑如何处理负面信息被认为与抑郁症和焦虑症的精神病理学密切相关。积极信息的处理（例如通过奖励进行操纵）也得到了广泛的研究。在这种情况下，大脑如何处理积极信息被认为与药物滥用和成瘾密切相关。尽管我们对处理消极和积极信息所涉及的系统了解很多，但我们在理解它们如何同时在大脑中起作用并从而影响“正常”和临床相关行为方面才刚刚开始取得进展。填补这一空白的是 这很重要，因为在许多现实世界的情况下，消极和积极的系统同时对行为做出贡献。例如，从临床角度来看，在抑郁症中，这两个系统都可能发挥重要作用。本申请的目的是增进我们对大脑中消极和积极信息处理之间的相互作用及其对行为的影响的理解。将研究的关键问题包括：消极系统和积极系统是否总是像对手处理的经典理论所假设的那样总是敌对地相互作用？在什么条件下（如果有的话）它们会协同相互作用？背景在塑造消极系统和积极系统之间的相互作用中扮演什么角色，比如由哪些信息与任务相关决定？跨越两个目标，我们将测试消极处理和积极处理之间的相互作用是否是对抗性的还是合作性的。目标 1 将研究当厌恶信息“准时”（例如，在特定时间点呈现厌恶图像或 CS+ 刺激）时，消极处理和积极处理之间的相互作用。将研究负面信息对奖励处理的影响以及奖励对厌恶刺激处理的影响。目标 2 将进行调查 当厌恶信息呈“状态”状时（例如，与可能发生厌恶事件的长时间情况相关的厌恶事件；例如，数十秒到几分钟），消极处理和积极处理之间的相互作用。总的来说，我们希望阐明大脑中消极和积极处理之间相互作用的机制，并为认知/情感神经科学做出重要的新贡献，这些贡献有可能具有临床意义。