The interaction of brain structure and sleep neurophysiology in regulating the neural substrates of inattention symptoms in pediatric ADHD

大脑结构和睡眠神经生理学的相互作用在调节小儿多动症注意力不集中症状的神经基质中的作用

• 批准号: 9236758
• 负责人: Jared Meyer Saletin
• 金额: $ 17.11万
• 依托单位: EMMA PENDLETON BRADLEY HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-14 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9236758
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Anterior; Anxiety Disorders; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Autistic Disorder; Back; Behavior; Bipolar Disorder; Brain; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Circadian Rhythms; Clinical; Cognition; Coupling; Crossover Design; Development; Diagnosis; Dimensions; Disease; Dorsal; Electroencephalography; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Hour; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; MRI Scans; Measures; Mediating; Medical; Modeling; Neuroanatomy; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Patients; Population; Property; Psychopathology; Recovery; Recovery of Function; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Rest; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Scanning; Severities; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Sleep Disorders; Slow-Wave Sleep; Structural defect; Structure; Symptoms; Techniques; Training; Youth; cingulate cortex; cognitive control; cognitive neuroscience; frontal lobe; gray matter; inattention; indexing; neurobehavioral disorder; neuroimaging; neurophysiology; non rapid eye movement; novel; psychostimulant; relating to nervous system; resilience; response; restoration; selective attention; skills; social; symptomatology; white matter

PROJECT SUMMARY Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neurobehavioral disorders present during childhood and adolescence. ADHD associated with profound interpersonal and societal burden, yet the cause of ADHD is unknown. Sleep is an intimate regulator of cognition and behavior and sleep deprivation leads to inattention-like symptoms. One in three children with ADHD have sleep problems, yet the role of sleep in regulating inattention in ADHD is under-investigated. I propose to examine whether sleep contributes to the cause of inattention characteristic to pediatric ADHD. If so, sleep loss may provide a novel yet manageable risk factor in multiple conditions where sleep loss and inattention co-occur (e.g., ADHD, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, autism, obsessive compulsive disorder). In this K01 application I propose to address this concern with training in developmental psychopathology and neurobehavioral disorders (e.g., assessment, diagnosis, patient contact), multi-modal neuroimaging in children with such disorders, advanced statistical and analytical techniques (e.g., causal inference modeling), child and adolescent sleep (e.g., sleep disorders co-morbid in ADHD), and child/pubertal development. I propose a research plan that fully capitalizes on this inter- disciplinary training. I will characterize a sample of 68 youngsters (10-13 yo) across a dimension of symptom- level inattention, ranging from asymptomatic to severe attention deficits. Each child will enter a spend three nights in the laboratory: a sleep-rested night of laboratory sleep, a night with sleep restricted to 4 hours, and a full night of recovery sleep. I predict that increasing severity of attention will be associated with structural brain deficits in attention-regulating neuroanatomy that will lead to atypical sleep, and as a result increased vulnerability to sleep loss and decreased sensitivity to the benefits of sleep. If successful this project will greatly expand our knowledge of the role of sleep in ADHD.

项目摘要 注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是目前最常见的神经行为障碍之一 在童年和青春期。ADHD与深刻的人际和社会负担有关，然而， ADHD的病因不明。睡眠是认知、行为和睡眠剥夺的密切调节器 会导致注意力不集中的症状三分之一的ADHD儿童有睡眠问题，但睡眠的作用 在调节注意力不集中方面的作用还未被充分研究。我建议研究睡眠是否有助于 引起注意力不集中的原因如果是这样的话，睡眠不足可能会带来一种新的但可以控制的风险。 在睡眠丧失和注意力不集中同时发生的多种情况下的因素（例如，注意力缺陷多动症，焦虑症，躁郁症 障碍、自闭症、强迫症）。在此K 01应用程序中，我建议通过以下方式解决此问题： 发育性精神病理学和神经行为障碍方面的培训（例如，评估，诊断， 患者接触），患有此类疾病的儿童的多模态神经成像，高级统计和分析 技术（例如，因果推理建模），儿童和青少年睡眠（例如，睡眠障碍共病 ADHD）和儿童/青春期发育。我提出了一个研究计划，充分利用这间- 纪律训练。我将从症状的各个方面对68名青少年（10-13岁）的样本进行描述- 水平的注意力不集中，从无症状到严重的注意力缺陷。每个孩子都将进入一个花三 在实验室的夜晚：实验室睡眠的睡眠休息夜晚，睡眠限制在4小时的夜晚，以及 整晚的恢复睡眠我预测，注意力的日益严重将与大脑结构有关。 注意力调节神经解剖学的缺陷，这将导致非典型睡眠，并因此增加 睡眠不足的脆弱性和对睡眠益处的敏感性降低。如果这个项目成功， 扩大我们对睡眠在ADHD中的作用的认识。