Sleep and circadian timing: mechanisms of daytime sleepiness and impaired cognition in ADHD

睡眠和昼夜节律：多动症患者白天嗜睡和认知受损的机制

• 批准号: 10090153
• 负责人: Jared Meyer Saletin
• 金额: $ 19.93万
• 依托单位: EMMA PENDLETON BRADLEY HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-06 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10090153
• 关键词: 11 year old; Adolescent; Affect; Arousal; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Beds; Behavior; Behavioral; Centers of Research Excellence; Child; Childhood; Circadian Rhythms; Clinical; Cognitive; Development; Disease; Drowsiness; Electroencephalography; Enrollment; Equation; Excessive Daytime Sleepiness; Eye; Failure; Fatigue; Fostering; Future; Goals; Home; Homeostasis; Hour; Hyperactive behavior; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Lead; Learning; Link; Masks; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Melatonin; Memory impairment; Mental Health; Methodology; Modeling; Monitor; Napping; Obstructive Sleep Apnea; Outcome; Pattern; Performance; Phase; Physiological; Polysomnography; Process; Protocols documentation; Recommendation; Regulation; Reporting; Role; Schedule; School-Age Population; Science; Short-Term Memory; Sleep; Sleep Apnea Syndromes; Speed; Structure; Symptoms; Testing; Time; alertness; base; career; circadian; falls; innovation; learning outcome; novel; poor sleep; pressure; recruit; sleep regulation; success

PROJECT ABSTRACT/SUMMARY Attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder (ADHD) affects nearly one in ten school-aged children. Although poor sleep is reported in this condition and has been related to waking behavioral struggles of children with ADHD, little is known about whether and how waking physiological sleepiness per se contributes to these behavioral profiles. Indeed, other than sleep-related breathing disorders, mechanisms underlying poor sleep and consequent physiological sleepiness are unknown. We propose two mechanistic targets within the sleep regulatory domain to tie together daytime sleepiness and learning outcomes in ADHD. Thus, this COBRE project uses an innovative laboratory study of operationally defined sleepiness, mechanisms of sleep regulation and circadian timing, and working memory (critical for learning success in the classroom) in children with and without ADHD. Our central hypothesis is that children with ADHD have underlying differences in Process S, sleep homeostasis, and Process C, circadian timing. Our methodology will be to enroll n=100, 9-11 year-old children (IQ ≥ 80), 50 with confirmable ADHD and 50 typically developing controls (TDCs) into a laboratory study. Following 2-weeks at home on a sleep schedule conforming to current recommendations (9 hours in bed) each child will come to the laboratory for three consecutive nights and days. All sleep in the lab will be monitored by polysomnography. Across a set of aims we will examine mechanisms of sleep and circadian regulatory processes, the level and pattern of physiological sleepiness per se, and the cognitive consequences of sleepiness, i.e., working memory. Together, these aims will serve to increase knowledge about the association of sleep homeostasis and circadian timing with ADHD symptoms, identify the role of physiological sleepiness in waking performance of children with ADHD, and determine whether sleep homeostasis regulation and/or circadian timing influence these outcomes. Our project will potentially inform innovative interventions that may target sleepiness in children with ADHD while preparing the project leader for an independent career at the intersection of sleep and clinical neurodevelopmental science.

项目摘要/总结 注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）影响近十分之一的学龄儿童。虽然贫穷 据报道，睡眠是在这种情况下发生的，并且与多动症儿童的清醒行为斗争有关， 关于清醒时的生理性困倦本身是否以及如何有助于这些行为， 数据区.事实上，除了与睡眠有关的呼吸障碍，睡眠不好的潜在机制， 因此产生的生理嗜睡是未知的。我们提出了睡眠中的两个机制目标 调节域将白天嗜睡和ADHD的学习结果联系在一起。因此，这个眼镜蛇 该项目使用了一个创新的实验室研究，操作定义的嗜睡，睡眠机制， 调节和昼夜节律定时，以及儿童的工作记忆（对课堂学习成功至关重要） 有和没有ADHD。我们的中心假设是，ADHD儿童在以下方面存在潜在差异： 过程S，睡眠稳态，过程C，昼夜节律。我们的方法将入组n=100，9-11 岁的儿童（智商≥ 80），50个可确认的ADHD和50个典型的发展控制（TDC）成为一个 实验室研究按照目前的建议（9）在家中进行2周的睡眠时间表 每个孩子将连续三天三夜来到实验室。都睡在实验室里 将通过多导睡眠图进行监测。在一系列目标中，我们将研究睡眠的机制， 生理节律调节过程、生理性嗜睡本身的水平和模式，以及认知性嗜睡， 嗜睡的后果，即，工作记忆总之，这些目标将有助于增加知识 关于睡眠稳态和昼夜节律与ADHD症状的关系，确定 注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的生理性嗜睡在清醒时的表现，并判断是否睡眠 稳态调节和/或昼夜节律定时影响这些结果。我们的项目可能会告诉 创新的干预措施，可能针对ADHD儿童的嗜睡，同时为项目负责人做好准备， 在睡眠和临床神经发育科学的交叉点独立的职业生涯。