Sleep and circadian timing: mechanisms of daytime sleepiness and impaired cognition in ADHD

睡眠和昼夜节律：多动症患者白天嗜睡和认知受损的机制

• 批准号: 10090153
• 负责人: Jared Meyer Saletin
• 金额: $ 19.93万
• 依托单位: EMMA PENDLETON BRADLEY HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-06 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10090153
• 关键词: 11 year old; Adolescent; Affect; Arousal; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Beds; Behavior; Behavioral; Centers of Research Excellence; Child; Childhood; Circadian Rhythms; Clinical; Cognitive; Development; Disease; Drowsiness; Electroencephalography; Enrollment; Equation; Excessive Daytime Sleepiness; Eye; Failure; Fatigue; Fostering; Future; Goals; Home; Homeostasis; Hour; Hyperactive behavior; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Lead; Learning; Link; Masks; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Melatonin; Memory impairment; Mental Health; Methodology; Modeling; Monitor; Napping; Obstructive Sleep Apnea; Outcome; Pattern; Performance; Phase; Physiological; Polysomnography; Process; Protocols documentation; Recommendation; Regulation; Reporting; Role; Schedule; School-Age Population; Science; Short-Term Memory; Sleep; Sleep Apnea Syndromes; Speed; Structure; Symptoms; Testing; Time; alertness; base; career; circadian; falls; innovation; learning outcome; novel; poor sleep; pressure; recruit; sleep regulation; success

PROJECT ABSTRACT/SUMMARY Attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder (ADHD) affects nearly one in ten school-aged children. Although poor sleep is reported in this condition and has been related to waking behavioral struggles of children with ADHD, little is known about whether and how waking physiological sleepiness per se contributes to these behavioral profiles. Indeed, other than sleep-related breathing disorders, mechanisms underlying poor sleep and consequent physiological sleepiness are unknown. We propose two mechanistic targets within the sleep regulatory domain to tie together daytime sleepiness and learning outcomes in ADHD. Thus, this COBRE project uses an innovative laboratory study of operationally defined sleepiness, mechanisms of sleep regulation and circadian timing, and working memory (critical for learning success in the classroom) in children with and without ADHD. Our central hypothesis is that children with ADHD have underlying differences in Process S, sleep homeostasis, and Process C, circadian timing. Our methodology will be to enroll n=100, 9-11 year-old children (IQ ≥ 80), 50 with confirmable ADHD and 50 typically developing controls (TDCs) into a laboratory study. Following 2-weeks at home on a sleep schedule conforming to current recommendations (9 hours in bed) each child will come to the laboratory for three consecutive nights and days. All sleep in the lab will be monitored by polysomnography. Across a set of aims we will examine mechanisms of sleep and circadian regulatory processes, the level and pattern of physiological sleepiness per se, and the cognitive consequences of sleepiness, i.e., working memory. Together, these aims will serve to increase knowledge about the association of sleep homeostasis and circadian timing with ADHD symptoms, identify the role of physiological sleepiness in waking performance of children with ADHD, and determine whether sleep homeostasis regulation and/or circadian timing influence these outcomes. Our project will potentially inform innovative interventions that may target sleepiness in children with ADHD while preparing the project leader for an independent career at the intersection of sleep and clinical neurodevelopmental science.

项目摘要/总结 注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 影响着近十分之一的学龄儿童。虽然穷 据报道，这种情况下的睡眠与多动症儿童的清醒行为挣扎有关， 关于清醒的生理性嗜睡本身是否以及如何导致这些行为，我们知之甚少。 配置文件。事实上，除了与睡眠相关的呼吸障碍之外，睡眠不良和呼吸障碍的潜在机制 随之而来的生理性嗜睡尚不清楚。我们提出了睡眠中的两个机械目标 将 ADHD 中的白天嗜睡和学习成果联系起来的监管领域。因此，这个 COBRE 该项目采用创新的实验室研究，对可操作定义的困倦、睡眠机制进行研究 儿童的调节和昼夜节律以及工作记忆（对于课堂学习成功至关重要） 有和没有多动症。我们的中心假设是，患有多动症的儿童在以下方面存在根本差异： 过程 S，睡眠稳态，过程 C，昼夜节律计时。我们的方法是注册 n=100, 9-11 岁儿童（IQ ≥ 80），50 名患有可确诊 ADHD 的儿童和 50 名通常正在发育为对照者（TDC）的儿童 实验室研究。按照当前建议（9 床上几个小时）每个孩子将连续三天三夜来到实验室。所有人都睡在实验室里 将通过多导睡眠图进行监测。我们将通过一系列目标来研究睡眠和 昼夜节律调节过程、生理性嗜睡本身的水平和模式以及认知 困倦的后果，即工作记忆。这些目标共同将有助于增加知识 关于睡眠稳态和昼夜节律与多动症症状的关系，确定 生理性嗜睡在多动症儿童的清醒表现中的作用，并判断是否睡眠 体内平衡调节和/或昼夜节律时间影响这些结果。我们的项目可能会告知 创新的干预措施可能针对多动症儿童的困倦，同时项目负责人也做好了准备 睡眠和临床神经发育科学交叉领域的独立职业。