Adjustment Problems and Substance Use in 3 Generations

描述(申请人提供)：三代研究我们建议研究酒精、烟草和其他药物使用(ATOD)在三代(G1、G2和G3)之间的代际传播。我们将在三代研究(3GS)中使用儿童，这是一个社区样本，由俄勒冈州青年研究(OYS)中高危早期成年男子(G2)的两个亲生子女(G3)组成。将评估G3中使用ATOD的多个指标，包括开始使用的年龄和青春期早期至中期使用的增长。将使用一种动态发展系统方法，同时关注一般途径、精神病理学和特定结果的风险因素，以检查前体的发育途径(例如，ATOD意识)以及这些行为从幼儿到青春期的出现。还将研究关于ATOD发生和发展的跨代一致性的假设，以及上下文风险和问题行为在三代人之间的传递，以及父母行为和同龄人在两代人之间的影响。此外，还将测试ATOD在三个公共卫生问题的病因学中的作用，即危及健康的性行为、自杀想法和行为以及约会暴力。OYS男性表现出很高的反社会行为(25岁时，42%的人两次或更多被捕)和药物使用(估计50%的人一生中被诊断为酒精依赖或滥用，25%左右的人吸食大麻的流行率为50%)。这两名男子目前的年龄为36-38岁，从G2男子9-10岁起就和他们的父母(G1)一起参与了OYS活动。将通过收集和分析数据来解决具体目标，以扩大早期时间点(3至11岁)的样本量，并将研究扩展至19至20岁。此外，我们将从拟议的研究期开始对OYS、OYS夫妇研究和3GS现有数据集进行二次数据分析。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Three Generational Study We proposes to study intergenerational transmission of alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use (ATOD) across three generations (G1, G2, and G3). We will use children in the Three Generational Study (3GS), a community sample consisting of up to two of the biological children (G3) of at-risk early adult men (G2) in the Oregon Youth Study (OYS). Multiple indicators of ATOD in G3 will be assessed, including age of onset of use and growth in use over early to midadolescence. A dynamic developmental systems approach focusing on both general pathway psychopathology and outcome-specific risk factors will be used to examine the developmental pathways of precursors (e.g., ATOD awareness) and of the emergence of these behaviors from early childhood to adolescence. Hypotheses regarding cross-generational congruence in the onset and growth of ATOD also will be examined, as well as the transmission of contextual risk and problematic behaviors across three generations, and parenting behaviors and peer influences across two generations. Additionally, the role of ATOD in the etiology of three public health problems; namely health-risking sexual behavior, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and dating violence will be tested. The OYS men show high levels of antisocial behavior (at age 25 years, 42% had two or more arrests) and substance use (estimated 50% lifetime diagnoses for alcohol dependence or abuse and 50% prevalence of marijuana use in the mid 20s). The men are currently ages 36-38 years and, with their parents (G1), have been involved in the OYS since the G2 men were ages 9-10 years. Specific Aims will be addressed through the collection and analysis of data that will expand the sample size for the early time points (ages 3 to 11 years) and extend the study to ages 19-20 years. Additionally, we will undertake secondary data analysis of the OYS, OYS-Couples Study, and 3GS extant data sets from the beginning of the proposed study period.