Understanding Alcohol Use Over Time in Early Mid-Adulthood for At-Risk Men

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究将研究与课程相关的问题，包括男性中年早期酒精使用和aud的持续和停止。这样的行为会给社会带来经济上的损失，也会给个人和家庭带来痛苦。这些问题将通过利用现有的纵向数据集进行研究，该数据集目前涵盖童年后期至31-32岁，包括23次年度酒精使用评估，并在35-36岁和37-38岁期间增加两波新的数据收集。将这两个新浪潮与29-30岁、30-31岁和31-32岁的现有数据结合起来，将在成年中期早期提供总共5个浪潮。对行为问题和其他危险行为有风险的社区样本进行多方法/多因素研究，从两组四年级男孩开始（总N = 206）；最后一波保留率为95% （N = 191，年龄31-32岁）。该研究基于社会学习模型，重点关注环境、原生家庭和同伴风险因素，并提供了关于浪漫伴侣的数据。我们计划使用动态发展系统方法，基于过去和现在的社会背景影响，研究酒精使用和aud过程的异质性以及过程的预测因素，包括家庭、同伴、精神病理、成年早期到中期风险和社会影响（包括浪漫伴侣行为）领域的一般和特定风险因素。通过第一次饮酒的年龄和第一次醉酒的年龄对早期饮酒进行前瞻性评估。酒精使用增长的关联和异质性也将与共病物质使用（烟草、大麻、其他非法药物、非处方药和非处方药）和赌博行为过程中的异质性进行研究。此外，还将研究寻求治疗的预测模型。这两项新的评估将包括自我报告、同行报告和记录数据（警察和车管所记录）。亲密伴侣的报告可在伴侣研究中获得。将使用各种互补的发展模型和预测技术来捕捉先前的家庭和环境因素、童年和青春期的先前行为（例如，童年的反社会行为）以及成年期类似的环境、社会关系和行为因素在多大程度上可以解释成年早期行为过程的变化。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study would examine issues related to the course, including persistence and desistance, of alcohol use and AUDs in early midadulthood for men. Such behaviors are costly to society both financially and in personal and family distress. These issues would be examined by utilizing an existing longitudinal data set currently spanning later childhood to ages 31-32 years, including 23 yearly assessments of alcohol use, and adding two new waves of data collection at ages 35-36 and 37-38 years. Combining these two new waves with existing data from ages 29-30, 30-31, and 31-32 will provide a total of 5 waves in the early midadult period. The multimethod/multiagent study of a community sample at risk for conduct problem and other risk behaviors began with two cohorts of fourth-grade boys (total N = 206); the retention rate at the last wave was 95% of living subjects (N = 191, ages 31-32 years). The study focused on contextual, family of origin, and peer risk factors based on a social learning model, and data are available on romantic partners. We plan to use a Dynamic Developmental Systems approach, based on aspects of past and current social- contextual influences, to study heterogeneity in the course of alcohol use and AUDs and predictors of the course, including general and specific risk factors within the realms of family, peer, psychopathology, and early to midadult risk and social influences, including romantic partner behaviors. Early onset of alcohol use was assessed prospectively by age at first drink and age at first drunken experience. Association of growth and heterogeneity in growth of alcohol use will be examined also in relation to heterogeneity in the course of co- morbid substance use (tobacco, marijuana, other illicit drugs, non-prescription and over-the-counter drugs), and gambling behavior. In addition, prediction models of treatment seeking will be examined. The two new assessments will include self-report, peer report, and records data (police and DMV records). Reports from intimate partners are available in a companion study. A variety of complementary developmental modeling and prediction techniques will be used to capture the degree to which prior family and contextual factors, and prior behaviors in childhood and adolescence (e.g., antisocial behavior in childhood) and similar contextual, social relationships, and behavioral factors in adulthood, can explain changes in the course of behaviors across the early adult period. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Alcohol use in early mid-adulthood is extremely costly at the personal, family, community, and national levels, and is associated with early mortality. Alcohol abuse/dependence is the most common of all DSM disorders for men. Almost one in four victims of violent crime report that the offender had been drinking prior to the crime. The economic costs of alcohol abuse and dependence were estimated at close to $200 billion in the U.S. in 1998. Focus areas of Healthy People 2010 (U.S. DHHS) include prevention and control of the use of tobacco and substance abuse. The proposed study will shed new light on the persistence and desistance of use of alcohol and other substances in early midadulthood for men from at-risk backgrounds.