The Development and Validation of an Observational Coding System for Real-Time Parent-Adolescent Mentalizing

实时父母青少年心智化观察编码系统的开发和验证

• 批准号: 9397259
• 负责人: Salome Vanwoerden
• 金额: $ 3.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9397259
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Affect; Age; Archives; Assessment tool; Attention; Award; Behavior; Behavioral; Borderline Personality Disorder; Brain; Characteristics; Child; Clinical Research; Code; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Data Analyses; Daughter; Development; Disease; Ethnic Origin; Face; Feedback; Fellowship; Female; Gender; Goals; Human; Individual; Interpersonal Relations; Intervention; Knowledge; Longevity; Manuals; Manuscripts; Measurement; Measures; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mentors; Mission; Mothers; National Institute of Mental Health; Onset of illness; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Pathology; Predictive Value; Preparation; Process; Property; Psyche structure; Psychopathology; Public Health; Race; Real-Time Systems; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Assistant; Research Domain Criteria; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Proposals; Sampling; Scheme; Scientist; Social Processes; Stimulus; Supervision; System; Systems Development; Taxonomy; Testing; Time; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Validation; Videotape; Work; base; data archive; dissemination research; dyadic interaction; improved; mental development; mental state; novel; psychosocial; research data dissemination; skills; social; theories; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Mentalizing, or the ability to attribute mental states to the self and others and to understand how these affect behavior, forms the basis of humans' capacity to build and maintain relationships with one another. As such, it is a key construct of RDoC's Systems for Social Processes. Mentalizing deficits can be categorized as hypermentalizing, hypomentalizing, or no mentalizing and are found in a range of pathology, contributing to poor psychosocial functioning. Adolescence is a key developmental period in the study of mentalizing given dramatic changes in the adolescent social brain that coincide with social reorientation. Adolescence is also characterized by peak onset for psychiatric disorders, and mentalizing deficits have been shown to explain the interpersonal problems associated with these disorders. Despite the importance of mentalizing for adolescent mental health, existing tools assess mentalizing as a stagnant property of a single individual, relying mostly on non-self-referential stimuli or hypothetical scenarios. Further, existing tools fail to take into account the developmental origins of mentalizing, which are based in the parent-child relationship. This research proposal addresses this gap by developing (Aim 1) and evaluating (Aim 2) a tool that can measure mentalizing as it occurs during a real-time parent-adolescent interaction. To address Aim 1, we will use archival data of parent-adolescent dyads participating in a conflict-discussion paradigm and follow Bakeman and Gottman's (1997) approach to observational coding system development to develop a coding manual. With archived videos, reliability and face validity will be evaluated. For Aim 2, we will test the validity of the coding system against existing measures of mentalizing, relationship quality, and borderline personality disorder, which emerges in adolescence and has been shown to be a test case of psychopathology where mentalizing goes awry. By creating the first observational measure of real-time mentalizing based in the parent-adolescent relationship, the proposed research promises to operationalize an important RDoC construct for use by other scientists and clinicians. This is in line with the National Institute of Mental Health's (NIMH) mission to transform the understanding of mental illness by identifying behavioral indicators with high predictive value across disorders. Carrying out the fellowship research will increase our understanding of mentalizing, a process that supports healthy development across the lifespan with the introduction of a more ecologically valid assessment. In conclusion, the award and completion of this project will not only support substantial training in research methods and dissemination to a promising young researcher, but will address a significant need for improved assessment of adolescent mentalizing to inform future research and intervention.

项目摘要/摘要 精神化，或将心理状态归因于自我和他人并理解这些影响的能力 行为构成了人类建立和维持彼此关系的能力的基础。因此，它 是RDoC社会流程系统的关键结构。将赤字精神化可以归类为 过度情绪化、低情绪化或无精神化，并在一系列病理中发现，有助于 心理社会功能不佳。青春期是心理化研究的关键发展期 青少年社交大脑中的戏剧性变化与社交重新定位相吻合。青春期也是 以精神障碍的发病高峰期为特征，以及精神化缺陷已被证明可以解释 与这些障碍相关的人际关系问题。尽管对青少年来说心理化很重要 心理健康，现有的工具评估精神化是一个人的停滞不前的财产，依赖于 主要是关于非自我参照刺激或假设情景。此外，现有的工具无法考虑到 解释心理化的发展根源，这是基于亲子关系。 本研究方案通过开发(目标1)和评估(目标2)工具来解决这一差距 在实时亲子互动过程中测量意念的发生情况。为了实现目标1，我们将 使用参与冲突讨论范式的父母-青少年二人组的档案数据，并遵循 Bakeman和Gottman(1997)用观测编码系统开发的方法来开发编码 手动操作。对于存档的视频，将对可靠性和面孔有效性进行评估。对于目标2，我们将测试以下各项的有效性 针对现有的心理化、关系质量和边缘人格测量的编码系统 精神障碍，出现在青春期，已被证明是精神病理学的测试案例 思考化出了问题。通过创建第一个实时心智的观察性测量，基于 关于亲子关系，这项拟议的研究有望使RDoC的一个重要结构具有可操作性 供其他科学家和临床医生使用。这与国家精神卫生研究所(NIMH)的研究结果一致。 通过确定具有高预测性的行为指标来转变对精神疾病的理解的使命 跨障碍的价值。开展团契研究将增加我们对精神化的理解，a 支持终身健康发展的过程，引入更生态的 有效的评估。总之，该项目的获奖和完成不仅将支持实质性的 在研究方法方面的培训和向有前途的年轻研究人员传播，但将解决重要的 需要改进对青少年心智形成的评估，以便为未来的研究和干预提供信息。