Childhood Obesity among Impoverished Mexican Americans: Longitudinal Growth Patterns and Cultural-Bioecological Predictors from Birth to Pre-Puberty.

贫困墨西哥裔美国人的儿童肥胖：从出生到青春期前的纵向生长模式和文化生物生态预测因素。

• 批准号: 9364958
• 负责人: LINDA J LUECKEN
• 金额: $ 38万
• 依托单位: ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-07 至 2022-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9364958
• 关键词: 19 year old; 5 year old; 6 year old; Address; Age; Behavioral; Biological; Birth; Blood Pressure; Body Composition; Body fat; Child; Childhood; Cholesterol; Country; Data; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Eating Behavior; Economics; Environment; Environmental Impact; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemic; Epidemiologist; Ethnic group; Family; Foundations; Funding; General Population; Generations; Goals; Growth; Health; Heart Diseases; High Prevalence; Hispanic Americans; Hispanics; Hypertension; Infant; Intervention; Life; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Low income; Measures; Medical Records; Mexican Americans; Minority Groups; Modeling; Mothers; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute of Mental Health; Not Hispanic or Latino; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Population; Poverty; Predictive Factor; Predisposition; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention program; Preventive; Procedures; Process; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Risk; Role; Sampling; Schools; Shapes; Subgroup; System; Temperament; Time; Toddler; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Weight; Weight Gain; Weights and Measures; Wood material; Work; base; cardiometabolic risk; critical developmental period; critical period; disparity reduction; ethnic minority population; health disparity; healthy weight; high risk; high risk population; inflammatory marker; intervention program; longitudinal dataset; middle childhood; obesity in children; obesity prevention; obesity risk; physical conditioning; prenatal; prenatal stress; prepuberty; public health intervention; racial and ethnic; resilience; social disparities; stressor; theories; trait

Project Summary Although childhood obesity is a national health problem reaching epidemic proportions, Hispanic children are nearly twice as likely as non-Hispanic white children to be obese, and Mexican Americans have higher risk of obesity than other Hispanic subgroups. Weight-associated health problems are also increasing at alarming rates. If contemporary obesity prevalence rates persist, “the current generation of children will be the first generation in US history to be sicker and die earlier than their parents” (Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2012). Because the challenges of intervention are multiplied after a child has already reached obesity status, it is imperative to understand the processes of developing risk in the earliest years of life. The identification of risk and resiliency predictors of the development of obesity during critical formative years of childhood will provide specific targets amenable to preventive public health interventions. We propose to capitalize on longitudinal data collected by an NIMH and NICHD-funded study of very low income Mexican American mothers and infants (Las Madres Nuevas) that assesses a multitude of cultural and environmental risk and protective factors from the prenatal period through six years of age. We propose to leverage this existing longitudinal dataset, and collect physical health and markers of cardiometabolic risk at ages 7.5 and 9. In combination, we will: 1) Use advanced statistical procedures to chart trajectories of weight gain using objective measures of weight and growth measured at 13 time points from birth through age 9; 2) Identify critical periods from birth to age 9 at which children diverge from healthy weight gain trajectories; 3) Evaluate early life biological susceptibility as a moderator of the impact of environmental influences on child weight gain trajectories and obesity; 4) Evaluate the consequences of cultural, economic, maternal and child factors, and weight gain trajectories for emerging physical health and cardiometabolic risk. The proposed longitudinal study, with data drawn from biological measures, anthropometric measures, parent report, medical records, and observational sessions, is ideally situated to answer key questions related to weight disparities among low- income MA children, and delineate mechanistic pathways in the emergence of MA child obesity. Our scientific approach emphasizes the cultural embeddedness of obesity development, with the view that the reduction of child obesity disparities can best be accomplished by understanding sociocultural and economic forces that shape eating behavior and weight gain. This project holds great potential to address central questions about early life contributors to weight gain and obesity risk in a high risk ethnic group, and enhance opportunities for prevention of obesity and associated health problems.

项目摘要 虽然儿童肥胖是一个全国性的健康问题，达到流行病的比例，西班牙裔儿童， 几乎是非西班牙裔白色儿童肥胖的两倍，墨西哥裔美国人患肥胖症的风险更高。 比其他西班牙裔亚组肥胖。与体重相关的健康问题也在以惊人的速度增加 rates.如果当代的肥胖流行率持续下去，“当前一代的儿童将是第一个 美国历史上的一代人比他们的父母病得更重，死得更早”（罗伯特·伍德约翰逊基金会， 2012年）。因为在儿童已经达到肥胖状态后，干预的挑战成倍增加， 必须了解生命早期风险发展的过程。的识别 在儿童关键的形成期，肥胖发展的风险和弹性预测因素将 提供适合预防性公共卫生干预的具体目标。我们建议利用 由NIMH和NICHD资助的一项针对极低收入墨西哥裔美国人的研究收集的纵向数据 母亲和婴儿（Las Madres Nuevas），评估多种文化和环境风险， 从产前到六岁的保护因素。我们建议利用现有的 纵向数据集，并收集7.5岁和9岁时的身体健康状况和心脏代谢风险标志物。在 结合，我们将：1）使用先进的统计程序，以图表的轨迹体重增加使用客观 在从出生到9岁的13个时间点测量体重和生长; 2）确定关键时期 从出生到9岁，儿童偏离健康的体重增加轨迹; 3）评估早期生活 生物易感性作为环境影响对儿童体重增加影响的调节剂 轨迹和肥胖; 4）评估文化，经济，母亲和儿童因素的后果， 体重增加的轨迹为新兴的身体健康和心脏代谢风险。拟议的纵向研究， 数据来自生物测量、人体测量、父母报告、医疗记录， 观察会议，是理想的位置，以回答有关体重差距的关键问题，低， 收入的MA儿童，并描绘机械路径的出现MA儿童肥胖。我们的科学 这种方法强调肥胖发展的文化嵌入性，认为减少 儿童肥胖差异最好通过了解社会文化和经济力量来实现， 塑造饮食行为和体重增加。该项目具有解决以下核心问题的巨大潜力： 在高风险种族群体中，早期生活对体重增加和肥胖风险的贡献， 用于预防肥胖和相关的健康问题。