Family Complexity, Resources, and the Transition to Adulthood

家庭复杂性、资源和向成年的过渡

• 批准号: 9329301
• 负责人: PAULA W FOMBY
• 金额: $ 41.36万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2021-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9329301
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Behavior; Biological; Birth; Characteristics; Child; Child Support; Childbirth; Childhood; Collection; Complex; Consequentialism; Coupled; Data; Data Sources; Databases; Dimensions; Drops; E-learning; Economics; Educational workshop; Equilibrium; Event; Exposure to; Family; Family Relationship; Fathers; Fertility; Household; Labor Forces; Lead; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Marriage; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Mothers; Nature; Nuclear Structure; Parents; Phase; Play; Policies; Prevalence; Research; Resource Allocation; Resources; Secure; Shapes; Siblings; Social Policies; Socioeconomic Status; Statistical Methods; Time; Training; Transcend; Youth; base; child bearing; college; design; emerging adult; experience; family structure; improved; longitudinal database; nonmarital childbearing; panel study of income dynamics; residence; social; social implication; tool

During the last 40 years, family organization in the US has become increasingly complex. In 1970, 85 percent of children lived with both married parents; by 2009, 56 percent resided with both married parents and no step- or half-siblings1,2 The balance, comprising 44 percent of today's children, experience a multiplicity of non- traditional family arrangements that may include having at least one parent's residence outside the child's household, parents' changes in union status with new partners, or the inclusion of step- or half-siblings. This family complexity produces an intricate and evolving network of biologically and socially-based family relationships that transcend household boundaries. Family complexity is associated with children receiving fewer economic resources from parents and other kin, with consequences for their well-being across the early life course. However, existing research has not accounted for the multiple dimensions of family complexity simultaneously; nor has it fully accounted for the dynamic nature of family complexity or for the antecedents to family complexity that might explain its association with resource distribution to children. As a result, research findings about this association are fragmented and potentially misspecified. We address these limitations by applying rigorous statistical methods to data from a multigenerational national study to focus on a critical phase of the life course: the transition to adulthood. In particular, we ask whether and how exposure to family complexity in childhood shapes the family resources available to children as they embark on a sequence of consequential and intensive life events including homeleaving, labor force entry, educational attainment, and family formation. We focus on three components of family complexity: union instability, multipartner fertility, and nonresidential status. We ask how these dimensions of family complexity operate independently and in concert to shape the distribution of available family-based resources over children's early life course through the transition to adulthood. We use data from the 1968-2015 Panel Study of Income Dynamics and its supplements to connect children to mothers' and fathers' union and childbearing trajectories from prior to the child's birth through the transition to adulthood even where children have little or no contact with nonresident parents. This design allows us to 1.) provide new descriptive estimates of family relationships and resources that span households, 2) assess the factors that play into resource allocation in complex families, and 3) connect time-varying measures of resource allocation in complex families to the transition to adulthood net of a rich set of background information and controls. Our analytic models improve estimates of how the unfolding and dynamic relationship between family complexity and family economic resources during childhood impacts children's transition to adulthood by reducing bias in estimators through adjustments for time-dependent confounding between family complexity and family economic resources. The family complexity database we construct from this project will be available online as a public release file at the PSID Data Center.

在过去的40年中，美国的家庭组织变得越来越复杂。 1970年，85％ 与两个已婚父母一起生活的孩子；到2009年，有56％的人与已婚父母一起居住，没有步骤 - 或半兄弟姐妹1,2余额，占当今儿童的44％ 传统的家庭安排可能包括至少有一个父母的住所 家庭，父母与新伴侣的联盟状况变化，或包括级别或半兄弟姐妹。这 家庭复杂性产生了一个复杂且不断发展的生物学和社会家庭网络 超越家庭边界的关系。家庭复杂性与接收儿童有关 父母和其他亲戚的经济资源减少，对他们整个早期的福祉产生了影响 生活课程。但是，现有的研究并未考虑到家庭复杂性的多个维度 同时地;它也没有充分说明家庭复杂性的动态性质或前身的动态性质 家庭复杂性可能会解释其与儿童资源分配的关联。结果，研究 关于这种关联的发现是分散的，并有可能弄清楚。我们通过 将严格的统计方法应用于多代国家研究的数据，以关注关键阶段 生活课程：过渡到成年。特别是，我们问是否以及如何接触家庭 儿童时期的复杂性塑造了儿童开始使用的家庭资源 结果和密集的生活事件，包括家庭迁移，劳动力进入，教育成就和 家庭形成。我们专注于家庭复杂性的三个组成部分：工会不稳定性，多阶生生育和 非住宅状况。我们询问家庭复杂性的这些维度如何独立运作和共同运作 通过通过 过渡到成年。我们使用1968 - 2015年收入动态小组研究及其ITS的数据 补充剂以将儿童与母亲和父亲的联盟和育儿轨迹联系起来。 即使孩子几乎没有与非居民接触的孩子，儿童的出生是通过过渡到成年的 父母。该设计使我们到1。）提供有关家庭关系和资源的新描述性估计 跨越家庭，2）评估复杂家庭中资源分配的因素，以及3） 将复杂家庭中的资源分配的时变量与成年网的过渡 丰富的背景信息和控件。我们的分析模型改善了对展开方式的估计 在童年时期，家庭复杂性与家庭经济资源之间的动态关系 通过调整时间依赖性，儿童通过减少估计量的偏见来过渡到成年 家庭复杂性与家庭经济资源之间的混淆。家庭复杂性数据库我们 该项目的构造将在PSID数据中心在线作为公共发布文件。