The Effect of Neighborhood Change on Health and Well-Being

社区变化对健康和福祉的影响

• 批准号: 9883822
• 负责人: John R Logan
• 金额: $ 42.54万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-03-01 至 2024-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9883822
• 关键词: Affect; American; Americas; Area; Blood Circulation; Censuses; Characteristics; Communities; Data; Dimensions; Economics; Education; Environment; Equilibrium; Ethnic Origin; Family; Health; Household; Income; Individual; Inequality; Investments; Left; Link; Location; Longitudinal Surveys; Low income; Minority; Modeling; Movement; Neighborhoods; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Policy Making; Population Research; Poverty; Probability Samples; Race; Records; Research; Research Personnel; Residential Mobility; Resources; Role; Social Class; Sorting - Cell Movement; Time; Typology; United States; Work; base; data centers; data resource; ethnic diversity; insight; metropolitan; racial and ethnic; segregation; social; socioeconomics; trend

Project Summary This is a study of how neighborhoods are changing their racial/ethnic and income composition as a result of mobility choices made by individual families. The consequent changes in segregation and disparate local environments for people of different race, ethnicity, and income have substantial potential consequences for their health and well-being. The study takes advantage of access to a new data resource – linked records of as many as 90% of enumerated Americans in 2000 and 2010 – to pursue two main aims: Aim 1) To assess the balance of flows of persons into and out of neighborhoods that are associated with specific neighborhood-level changes in race/ethnicity and income levels that we observe, such as increasing concentration of poverty or growing racial/ethnic diversity. Aim 2) To model the selectivity of people's locations in 2000 and their post- 2000 movements in neighborhoods, based both on how places appeared in 2000 and how they were changing in the next decade. The proposed study builds on a growing body of research that breaks with binary conceptualizations of segregation (e.g., the longstanding emphasis on the white-black divide or a simple distinction between poor and non-poor neighborhoods) to acknowledge the multigroup composition of metropolitan America and the variety of kinds of social class changes that are occurring. It will make use of confidential individual-level data in a Census Research Data Center (RDC) that has been linked between the 2000 and 2010 censuses to track changes in composition in changing neighborhoods (decomposing net change into numbers of persons in each group who arrived, left, or stayed). It will also to identify the personal/household characteristics associated with each type of mobility. This study of neighborhood change and residential mobility is highly relevant to major contemporary social concerns related to persistent minority segregation and increasing neighborhood diversity. Research conducted in the RDC will demonstrate the value of the Census Bureau's investment in record linkage and increase the likelihood of continued efforts of this kind.

项目摘要 这是一项关于社区如何改变其种族/民族和收入构成的研究， 个人家庭的选择。随之而来的种族隔离和不同的地方 不同种族、民族和收入的人所处的环境， 他们的健康和福祉。这项研究利用了一种新的数据资源--作为 在2000年和2010年，多达90%的被调查美国人-追求两个主要目标：目标1）评估 与特定社区水平相关的人口流入和流出社区的平衡 我们观察到的种族/民族和收入水平的变化，例如贫困人口日益集中， 种族/民族多样化。目标2）模拟人们在2000年的地点选择性及其后 2000年社区的运动，基于2000年的地方如何出现以及它们如何变化 今后十年 拟议的研究建立在越来越多的研究基础上，打破了二元概念化， 分离（例如，长期以来，人们一直强调白人和黑人的区别， 和非贫困社区）承认美国大都市的多群体组成， 各种各样的社会阶级变化。它将利用个人层面的机密数据 在人口普查研究数据中心（RDC），该中心已在2000年和2010年人口普查之间建立联系， 在不断变化的社区中的组成变化（将净变化分解为每个社区中的人数 谁来了，谁走了，谁留了）。它还将确定相关的个人/家庭特征， 每一种流动性。 这种邻里变化和住宅流动性的研究与当代主要的社会 与持续的少数民族隔离和日益增加的邻里多样性有关的关切。研究 在RDC进行的调查将证明人口普查局在记录链接方面的投资价值， 增加了这种持续努力的可能性。