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Incorporating Immigrants and Minorities into Late 19th Century Cities

将移民和少数民族融入 19 世纪末的城市

基本信息

批准号：
7932643
负责人：
John R Logan
金额：
$ 8.2万
依托单位：
BROWN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-09-30 至 2010-09-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7932643
关键词：
Accounting Affect African American Agriculture American Assimilations Boston Censuses Characteristics Chicago Chinese People Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Cities Collaborations Country County Data Data Aggregation Data Files Data Set Data Sources Databases Dimensions Discipline Eastern Europe Employment Ethnic Origin Far East Generations Genetic Transcription Geographic Information Systems Geography German population Household Immigrant Immigration Individual International Investigation Job Description Labor Forces Life Link Living Wills Location Maps Marketing Measures Minnesota Minority Minority Groups Modeling Neighborhoods New York Occupational Occupations Outcome Pattern Population Population Group Race Recording of previous events Records Research Research Infrastructure Research Personnel Sampling Scientist Social Class System Testing Time Urban Developments Work base comparative experience frontier genetic linkage analysis indexing infancy labor force participation men metropolitan population movement racial and ethnic segregation social stem trait

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): It is proposed to study racial and ethnic differentiation in U.S. cities in 1880, with a particular emphasis on the relationships between people and places. The project will use full-count census data from the U.S. Census of Population in 1880 to create a wide range of summary files, aggregating information at levels of geography including the enumeration district, city or town, county, metropolitan region, and state. For all 98 separately identified cities in 1880, analyses will investigate the effects of city and group characteristics on aggregate patterns of separation or assimilation. For the largest 25 cities, Geographic Information System (CIS) maps will be developed for all variables in 1880 at the level of enumeration districts. In these cities, measures of spatial clustering will be used to identify ethnic neighborhoods. Models will be estimated analyzing what personal and household characteristics of individuals are associated with living within (or outside) ethnic neighborhoods and working within (or outside) ethnic employment niches. A separate sample of 37,000 men with records matched between 1870 and 1880 will be the basis for models in which key characteristics in 1870 will be introduced. An important component of the project will be the creation and dissemination of public-use data files. These will include pretabulated summary files based on individual data, CIS boundary files for enumeration districts in major cities, and a multilevel dataset that combines individual and household data for a 1 percent sample of the population with information about the places where they live. This new data infrastructure will expand opportunities for social scientists of all disciplines on a key period in American history: a time when the Western frontier was still being settled, when the transformation of the country from an agricultural to an industrial economy was only beginning, when African Americans had only recently been released from slavery, when cities like Chicago were in their infancy and older cities like New York were still receiving their first waves of German and Irish immigrants, and the nation was on the verge of the next great wave of population movements - of blacks from South to North, of immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe, and Chinese and other groups from East Asia.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟研究 1880 年美国城市的种族和民族差异，特别强调人与地方之间的关系。该项目将使用 1880 年美国人口普查的全面人口普查数据来创建广泛的摘要文件，汇总地理层面的信息，包括普查区、城市或城镇、县、大都市区和州。对于 1880 年所有 98 个单独确定的城市，分析将调查城市和群体特征对分离或同化总体模式的影响。对于最大的 25 个城市，将于 1880 年在普查区一级开发所有变量的地理信息系统 (CIS) 地图。在这些城市中，空间聚集的衡量标准将被用来识别民族社区。将估计模型，分析个人的哪些个人和家庭特征与居住在（或之外）种族社区内以及在种族就业领域内（或之外）工作相关。 1870 年至 1880 年间记录匹配的 37,000 名男性的单独样本将成为模型的基础，在模型中引入 1870 年的关键特征。该项目的一个重要组成部分将是公共使用数据文件的创建和传播。其中包括基于个人数据的预制汇总文件、主要城市普查区的 CIS 边界文件，以及将 1% 人口样本的个人和家庭数据与其居住地信息相结合的多级数据集。这个新的数据基础设施将为美国历史上的一个关键时期的各个学科的社会科学家提供更多的机会：当时西部边境尚未被定居，当时国家从农业经济向工业经济的转变才刚刚开始，非裔美国人最近才从奴隶制中解放出来，当时芝加哥等城市正处于起步阶段，而纽约等老城市仍在接收第一波德国和爱尔兰移民，国家正处于发展阶段。下一波人口流动的边缘——黑人从南到北、来自南欧和东欧的移民、以及来自东亚的华人和其他群体。