High-Performance Positron Emission Tomography for brain imaging

用于大脑成像的高性能正电子发射断层扫描

• 批准号: 9894405
• 负责人: Hamid Sabet
• 金额: $ 8.31万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-04-01 至 2021-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9894405
• 关键词: Alzheimer' s Disease; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain imaging; Characteristics; Crystallization; Dementia; Elderly; Family; Gamma Rays; Human; Imaging Phantoms; Individual; Lead; Left; Mainstreaming; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Performance; Positioning Attribute; Positron-Emission Tomography; Process; Resolution; Science; Side; Societies; Structure; System; Systems Development; absorption; body system; cost effective; design; detector; flexibility; innovation; nervous system disorder; neuron loss; novel; prototype

Abstract Human brain is still one of the mysteries in science and many brain disease and disorders such as Alzheimer's disease have left a huge burden on individuals, their family, and the society. Neurodegenerative disease is characterized by a progressive loss of neurons that lead to dementia. The most prevalent form of dementia in elderly is Alzheimer disease (AD). The number of people with AD is expected to reach 14 million by year 2050. While there are thousands of PET scanners in the States today, there are not designed or optimized for brain imaging. These PET scanners are whole-body systems that typically have detector spatial resolution of 4-6 mm FWHM; however this resolution is not sufficient to image brain with fine structures that is required to study the Alzheimer's disease or other neurological disorders. There are only few PET systems dedicated to brain imaging that are commercially available or in the process of FDA approval. However, none of them provides better than 2mm FHWM spatial resolution and all have less than optimal absorption efficiency for the 511 keV gamma rays. The main objective of this project is to develop a novel high-resolution and high- sensitivity PET system dedicated to brain imaging. The main innovation is a novel detector concept which is flexible with depth of interaction capability and single-side readout that can provide high transverse resolution as well. We will first simulate the envisaged PET system and compare its expected performance when using GFAG crystals compared to the mainstream LYSO scintillators. We will follow by optimizing both the transverse and DOI position decoding of GFAG scintillators to achieve intrinsic detector resolution of 1.2 mm FWHM and at least 4 levels of DOIs with single-side SiPM readout. We plan to build a prototype system using two fully characterized detector modules and perform basic phantom imaging. Owing to the compact, cost- effective, and mobile design of our proposed PET scanner together with its superior performance, we believe successful development of the system will likely have a transformational impact on our understanding of brain and neurodegenerative diseases including the AD.

摘要

项目成果

A layered single-side readout depth of interaction time-of-flight-PET detector.

• DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/abd592
• 发表时间: 2021-02-11
• 期刊: Physics in medicine and biology
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Bläckberg L;Sajedi S;El Fakhri G;Sabet H
• 通讯作者: Sabet H