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Environmental modulation of microbial conflict and cooperation

微生物冲突与合作的环境调节

基本信息

批准号：
9896836
负责人：
Jeff Gore
金额：
$ 29.64万
依托单位：
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-04-01 至 2022-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Project Summary: Environmental modulation of microbial conflict and cooperation Microorganisms have tremendous impacts on human health, from the often beneficial effects of the gut microbiome to the deleterious effects of pathogenic bacteria. A key determinant of these health outcomes is the interactions within the microbial community and between the community and the environment of the host. Examples include the collective inactivation of antibiotics by a bacterial population and exchange of nutrients within the microbial population. Despite the clear importance of these interactions, our ability to manipulate them to improve health is often rudimentary. A major obstacle to improved understanding of microbial communities has been the lack of feedback between theoretical models in ecology and experimentally tractable microbial model communities. I propose to use quantitative experiments of microbial communities to explore how environmental changes can transform the consequences of a particular interaction within the community. Over the course of this grant we will take a bottom-up approach to explore how environmental changes will influence three canonical forms of interactions within a microbial community. First we will explore simple cooperation within a population, and in particular whether this cooperation can limit the ability of the population to survive deteriorating environments. As a model system we will explore whether budding yeast can evolve to survive high salt concentrations, and how this survival probability depends upon whether the sugar source requires cooperation within the population. Next we will study how nutrient concentration modulates the properties of a mutualism in which two strains of micro-organism are cross- feeding essential nutrients. We will demonstrate that increasing nutrient concentrations can transform the interaction from a beneficial mutualism into a parasitism, where one partner is actually harmed by the other. Finally, we will study a situation in which two populations are each cooperating with themselves but in a way that harms the other population. We will demonstrate that in low nutrient environments these populations can coexist because population sizes are sufficiently low to prevent excessive negative interaction, but as nutrient concentrations increase there can actually be a loss of diversity. My goal is to transform our understanding of microbial communities while also developing concrete model communities that can be used to quantitatively test ideas from theoretical ecology. The fields of ecology and biomedicine have had little exchange of ideas over the last thirty years, but I believe that many key challenges to human health will require ecological approaches. For example, many of the concepts developed in microbial community ecology may be useful to researchers studying other interacting populations, from the immune system to cancer.

项目摘要：微生物冲突与合作的环境调节微生物对人类健康有着巨大的影响，从肠道的通常有益作用微生物组对病原菌的有害影响。这些健康结果的关键决定因素是微生物群落内以及群落与环境之间的相互作用主持人实例包括细菌群体对抗生素的集体失活以及细菌与抗生素的交换。微生物种群中的营养物质。尽管这些互动的重要性显而易见，但我们的能力，操纵它们来改善健康往往是基本的。提高对人权的认识的一个主要障碍是微生物群落一直缺乏生态学理论模型之间的反馈，实验上易处理的微生物模型群落。我建议使用定量实验，微生物群落来探索环境变化如何改变特别是社区内的互动。在这项赠款的过程中，我们将采取自下而上的方法来探索环境如何变化将影响微生物群落内相互作用的三种典型形式。首先我们将探讨人口内的简单合作，特别是这种合作是否可以限制人口在不断恶化的环境中生存的能力。作为一个模型系统，我们将探讨芽殖酵母可以进化到在高盐浓度下生存，这种生存概率如何取决于取决于糖的来源是否需要群体内部的合作。接下来我们将研究如何营养浓度调节了两种微生物交叉共生的特性，喂养必需的营养素。我们将证明，增加营养浓度可以改变从互惠互利到寄生的互动，其中一个伙伴实际上受到另一个伙伴的伤害。最后，我们将研究两个种群各自与自己合作的情况，这会伤害其他人我们将证明，在低营养环境中，这些种群可以共存，因为人口规模足够低，以防止过度的负面相互作用，但作为养分浓度增加实际上会导致物种多样性的丧失。我的目标是改变我们对微生物群落的理解，模型社区，可用于定量测试理论生态学的想法。领域在过去的三十年里，生态学和生物医学几乎没有什么思想交流，但我相信，人类健康面临的主要挑战将需要采取生态办法。例如，许多概念在微生物群落生态学中开发的可能对研究其他相互作用的研究人员有用。从免疫系统到癌症。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（13）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Fast growth can counteract antibiotic susceptibility in shaping microbial community resilience to antibiotics.

DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2116954119
发表时间：
2022-04-12
期刊：
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
通讯作者：

Slow expanders invade by forming dented fronts in microbial colonies.

DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2108653119
发表时间：
2022-01-04
期刊：
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Lee H;Gore J;Korolev KS
通讯作者：
Korolev KS

Environmental fluctuations reshape an unexpected diversity-disturbance relationship in a microbial community.