Social Buffering Over the Pubertal Transition

青春期过渡的社会缓冲

基本信息

批准号：
9922975
负责人：
Megan R Gunnar
金额：
$ 63.49万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-05-01 至 2024-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9922975
关键词：
14 year old Address Adolescence Adolescent Adult Affective Amygdaloid structure Attention Autonomic nervous system Brain Brain region Buffers Child Childhood Coupling Development Effectiveness Evaluation Failure Friends Fright Goals Hormones Human Development Hydrocortisone Hypothalamic structure Individual Insula of Reil Intervention Knowledge Lead Mammals Measures Mediating Mental Health Mood Disorders Neurobiology Neurosecretory Systems Nurses Oxytocin Pain Parents Participant Pathology Patient Self-Report Pattern Physiological Pituitary Gland Process Psyche structure Puberty Regulation Research Risk Role Safety Salivary Sex Differences Social Environment Social support Staging Stimulus Stress Stressful Event System Teenagers Testing Testosterone Time Work Youth attenuation biological adaptation to stress boys conditioned fear dehydroepiandrosterone early adolescence effective intervention experience experimental study girls improved indexing neuromechanism peer peripubertal period puberty transition relating to nervous system resilience response social social relationships social stress stress management stress reactivity stressor urinary vulnerable adolescent

项目摘要

The effectiveness of social buffering in regulating stress appears to wane for a period with puberty at the same time that stress-reactivity increases and young adolescents become more vulnerable to stress-related affective pathology. However, there is a dearth of knowledge regarding the neural underpinnings of social buffering in children and the changes in neural responses to potential social buffers with puberty. Two of the proposed experiments address this gap in knowledge. In addition, to date, the loss of social buffering effectiveness with puberty has primarily been examined using activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis as the stress measure. All three proposed experiments will examine the pervasiveness of the effect by examining sympathetic and parasympathetic responses, in addition to salivary cortisol. Urinary oxytocin will also be examined because of its role as an anti-stress hormone. Finally, the effectiveness of parents and friends as social buffers during the peripubertal period has only been examined for social evaluative stressors. The proposed experiments will determine whether the loss of social buffering also extends to threat stimuli as it does in adults and to situations in which two friends are both experiencing the stressful event together. Finally, all three proposed studies will explore whether puberty is associated with an emergence of sex differences in social buffering by parents and friends. Participants will be 11-14 years old and Tanner staging by nurse exam along with self-report and testosterone and DHEA will index pubertal status. Our prior research uncovered the waning of the effectiveness of parents to serve as social buffers of the HPA axis over the pubertal transition and the concomitant failure of friends to “step in” as stress buffers. The proposed experiments are the logical extension of this work. The results will have the potential to drive significant attention to the role of developmental disruptions in social stress buffering as possible contributing factors in the rise of affective problems in the early teen years.

社会缓冲在调节压力中的有效性似乎在一段时间内与同时，青春期的压力会增加，年轻的青少年变得更加容易受到与压力相关的情感病理的影响。但是，知识死亡关注儿童社会缓冲的神经基础和神经元的变化青春期对潜在社会缓冲的反应。提出的两个实验解决了知识的差距。此外，迄今为止，青春期的社会缓冲效率丧失主要使用下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺皮质（HPA）的活性检查轴作为应力测量。这三个提出的实验将检查除唾液外，还通过检查交感神经和副交感神经反应的效果皮质醇。由于其作为抗压力马龙的作用，还将检查尿氧。最后，父母和朋友在围角期间作为社交缓冲的有效性仅检查了经过社会评估的压力源。提出的实验将确定社交缓冲是否也像成年人一样扩展到威胁刺激以及两个朋友一起经历压力大的事件的情况。最后，所有三项拟议的研究将探讨青春期是否与性紧急性有关父母和朋友的社交缓冲差异。参与者将年满11-14岁，护士考试以及自我报告，睾丸激素和DHEA的Tanner分期将索引青春期的地位。我们先前的研究发现了父母对在青春期过渡时充当HPA轴的社会缓冲区和随之而来的失败朋友将“介入”作为压力缓冲。提出的实验是这项工作。结果将有可能引起人们对社会压力缓冲的发展破坏是可能导致因素的兴起在青少年初期的情感问题。