Pubertal Stress Recalibration Hypothesis

青春期压力重新校准假说

基本信息

批准号：
8698790
负责人：
Megan R Gunnar
金额：
$ 59.96万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-07-09 至 2018-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8698790
关键词：
Address Adolescence Adopted Adverse event Affect Animals Calibration Caring Child Childhood Coupling Development Elderly Emotional Emotional disorder Emotions Exhibits Family Gender Goals Growth Home environment Human Hydrocortisone Hypothalamic structure Institution Intervention Interview Knowledge Life Life Experience Life Stress Light Measures Mediating Modeling Nurses Orphanages Parents Participant Pathology Pattern Physiology Pituitary Gland Problem behavior Psychosocial Stress Puberty Public Health Recording of previous events Relative (related person)Reporting Research Risk Role Salivary Sampling Severities Sex Characteristics Staging Stress Symptoms System Testing Time Trier Social Stress Test Work Youth adopted child aged boys design emotion regulation experience girls high risk improved indexing life history longitudinal design neglect novel peripubertal period programs psychosocial public health relevance response sex stress disorder stressor

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Youth with severely adverse early life histories are at double the risk of increased emotional problems as they transition from childhood into adolescence. This risk may reflect the calibration of stress-mediating systems to harsh conditions during sensitive periods early in life. Yet, not all youth with such histories are affected. The proposed study tests the novel pubertal stress recalibration hypothesis; specifically puberty opens a second sensitive period for calibration of stress-mediating systems to current life conditions at the approach of sexual maturity. For youth who experienced adverse early care, pubertal development allows a shifting of stress-system activity to that seen among youth without such histories if concurrent stressors are low and a hyper-sensitization of stress activity if current life conditions are stressful. Our target participants will be youth adopted internationally from orphanages (post-institutionalied, PI) youth, compared to youth reared in their families of origin (non-adopted,NA). We will follow 368 youth examining them annually over 3 time points (0, 1 and 2 yrs). The use of an accelerated longitudinal design (4 grps: 7-8, 9-10, 11-12, 13-14 yrs) and growth curve modeling allows examination of a broad range of the pubertal period (7 through 16 yrs). Annual measures will be made of the HPA axis (salivary cortisol), the SAM system (pre-ejection period) for PI and NA youth in relation to current life stress (Youth Life Stress Interview completed annually) and pubertal stage (annual nurse-conducted Tanner Staging). Measures of stress-mediating systems activity will be obtained using the Trier Social Stress Test for Children and home assessment of the cortisol awakening response (CAR). Our prior research with PI youth showed a normalization of the CAR by Tanner stage 3-5, compared to same aged youth at stages 1-2. This proposal is a logical extension of that work that will also test the hypothesis that shifts in stress-system activity mediates the increase in emotional problem symptoms in adolescence. The results of this study should help determine whether the peripubertal period is a critical time to intervene with children exposed to early life adversity.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过渡到青春期时，具有严重不良早期生活历史的年轻人的情绪问题的风险是增加情绪问题的风险。这种风险可能反映了在生命早期敏感时期对压力的系统校准的校准。但是，并非所有具有这样历史的年轻人都受到影响。拟议的研究测试了新的青春期应力重新校准假设。特定的青春期为在性成熟度接近时为当前的生活条件打开了第二个敏感时期，以校准应力的系统校准。对于经历了不良早期护理的年轻人，青春期的发展允许如果并发压力较低，并且如果当前的生活条件很大，则不将压力系统的活动转移到没有这种历史的年轻人中的年轻人中。与在原籍家族（非辅助，NA）中抚养的青年相比，我们的目标参与者将是来自孤儿院（机构后的PI）青年在国际上采用的年轻人。我们将跟随368年的年轻人每年在3个时间点（0、1和2年）进行检查。加速纵向设计（4 GRP：7-8、9-10、11-12、13-14岁）和生长曲线建模允许检查广泛的青春期时期（7至16岁）。年度措施将针对HPA轴（唾液皮质醇），与当前的生活压力有关（每年完成的青年生活压力访谈完成）和青春期（年度护士指导的Tanner分期）的PI和NA青年的SAM系统（急诊期）和NA青年的年度措施。使用TRIER社会压力测试对儿童的TRIER社会压力测试以及对皮质醇觉醒反应（CAR）的家庭评估将获得压力降级系统活动的度量。我们先前对PI青年的研究表明，坦纳（Tanner）阶段3-5对汽车进行了正常化，而在第1-2阶段的年龄相比。该提案是该工作的逻辑扩展，还将检验应力系统活动转移的假设，介导了青春期情绪问题症状的增加。这项研究的结果应有助于确定腹膜时期是否是干预儿童的关键时期暴露于早期逆境。