A High School Program for Preventing Prescription Drug Abuse

预防处方药滥用的高中计划

• 批准号: 9980826
• 负责人: Christopher Williams
• 金额: $ 51.56万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL HEALTH PROMOTION ASSOCIATES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-05-01 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9980826
• 关键词: Address; Administrator; Adolescent; Age; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Attitude; Behavior; Behavioral; Cessation of life; Community Practice; Control Groups; Country; Drug Prescriptions; Drug abuse; E-learning; Educational Curriculum; Evaluation; Expectancy; Feedback; Focus Groups; Future Teacher; Health education; Heroin Abuse; Heroin Users; High School Student; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Knowledge; Learning Module; Life; Lifestyle-related condition; Marijuana; Marketing; Modality; Modeling; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Nature; Outcome; Peer Review; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Prescription drug overdose; Prevention; Prevention approach; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Primary Prevention; Process; Provider; Public Health; Publications; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Risk Factors; School-Age Population; Schools; Series; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Social Change; Substance abuse problem; Testing; Time; Training; Training Programs; United States; Violence; Youth; adverse outcome; alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use; base; commercialization; design; drug abuse prevention; effectiveness testing; evidence base; follow up assessment; group intervention; hands-on learning; high school; high school program; innovation; mortality; new technology; prescription drug abuse; prescription opioid abuse; prescription opioid misuse; prevent; programs; protective factors; prototype; randomized trial; recruit; rehearsal; school health; skills; skills training; social; social norm; substance abuse prevention; treatment as usual; universal prevention; usability

ABSTRACT A High School Program for Preventing Prescription Drug Abuse This Fast-Track SBIR proposal is designed to address the critical need for an effective primary prevention approach for prescription drug abuse (PDA), an urgent public health crisis in the United States. Deaths from prescription drug overdoses have more than tripled in the past 15 years, and the abuse of prescription opioids has fueled a dramatic rise in heroin abuse, with 3 of 4 new heroin users reporting a history of misuse of prescription opioids. The peak ages for PDA in the U.S. are 18 to 25. Thus, effectively preventing PDA in adolescents is central to reducing further increases in morbidity and mortality. Research demonstrates that alcohol, marijuana, and other forms of substance abuse typically co-occur with PDA and share similar risk and protective factors. School-based prevention provides access to large numbers of youth, but new program implementation modalities are needed because there is less time available for classroom-based prevention than in years past. Thus, there is a need for prevention programs that address the risk and protective factors unique to PDA, are broad-based in nature so that they address the risk and protective factors common to substance abuse and related problem behaviors, incorporate best practices in effective substance abuse prevention, and take advantage of new technologies to enhance classroom-based sessions. In the proposed project, we will develop and test an adaptation of the evidence-based substance abuse prevention approach called Life Skills Training (LST). The LST program has been extensively tested and found to effectively prevent substance abuse, violence and aggression in a series of randomized controlled trials with behavioral effects reported in over 30 peer-reviewed publications. The proposed preventive intervention for high school PDA will (1) utilize both online e-learning modules and interactive classroom sessions to address PDA and concurrent alcohol/drug abuse; (2) positively change social norms surrounding PDA and alcohol/drug abuse; (3) challenge positive expectancies about the benefits of PDA; (4) discourage diversion of prescription medication; (5) enhance protective factors by building social, self-regulation, and relationship skills through interactive learning and behavioral rehearsal scenarios; and (6) include online booster sessions. In Phase I, we will focus group test prototype materials with high school students, teachers, and administrators to demonstrate feasibility, relevance, usefulness, and appeal. Materials will be revised based on focus group feedback. In Phase II we will fully develop the program materials and conduct a rigorous national randomized trial of the prevention program. High schools (N=30) will be randomized into either an intervention group that receives the intervention or a treatment-as-usual control group that receives existing school health education programming. At the end of the initial intervention period, and at one- and two-year follow-ups, we will compare both groups with respect to changes in behaviors, norms, attitudes, and knowledge regarding PDA and other forms of substance abuse. This research offers the potential to identify an innovative and engaging prevention program capable of reducing PDA and other drug abuse.

摘要 预防处方药滥用的高中计划 这一快速通道SBIR提案旨在满足有效的一级预防的迫切需求 处方药滥用（PDA）是美国的一个紧急公共卫生危机。死亡 在过去的15年里，处方药过量增加了两倍多，滥用处方阿片类药物 导致海洛因滥用急剧增加，四分之三的新海洛因使用者报告有滥用海洛因的历史 处方阿片类药物在美国，PDA的高峰年龄是18到25岁。因此，有效地防止PDA在 青少年是减少发病率和死亡率进一步上升的关键。研究表明 酒精、大麻和其他形式的药物滥用通常与PDA同时发生，并具有类似的风险， 保护性因素。以学校为基础的预防提供了接触大量青年的机会，但新计划 需要实施模式，因为课堂预防的时间少于 在过去的几年里。因此，有必要制定预防方案，解决风险和保护因素独特的问题。 这些措施具有广泛的基础，因此它们涉及物质共有的风险和保护因素， 滥用和相关的问题行为，纳入有效预防药物滥用的最佳实践， 利用新技术加强课堂教学。在拟议项目中，我们将 开发和测试一种适应以证据为基础的物质滥用预防方法，称为生活技能 培训（LST）。LST计划已经过广泛的测试，发现可以有效地防止药物滥用， 在一系列随机对照试验中，暴力和攻击行为的影响超过30 同行评审的出版物。建议的预防干预高中PDA将（1）利用在线 电子学习单元和互动式课堂课程，以解决PDA和同时滥用酒精/药物问题; ⑵ 积极改变PDA和酒精/药物滥用的社会规范;（3）挑战积极的期望 关于PDA的好处;（4）阻止处方药的转移;（5）通过以下方式增强保护因素： 通过互动学习和行为排练建立社交，自我调节和关系技能 场景;和（6）包括在线助推器会议。在第一阶段，我们将重点小组测试原型材料， 高中学生，教师和管理人员展示可行性，相关性，有用性和吸引力。 材料将根据焦点小组的反馈进行修订。在第二阶段，我们将全面开发计划材料 并对预防计划进行严格的全国随机试验。高中（N=30） 随机分为接受干预的干预组或常规治疗对照组 接受现有的学校健康教育计划。在初始干预期结束时， 一年和两年的随访，我们将比较两组在行为，规范， 态度和知识有关的PDA和其他形式的药物滥用。这项研究提供了一种可能性， 确定一个创新的和吸引人的预防计划，能够减少PDA和其他药物滥用。