Innovative Positive Juvenile Justice Tools for Youth Courts

青年法庭创新的积极少年司法工具

• 批准号: 8713202
• 负责人: Christopher Williams
• 金额: $ 14.53万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL HEALTH PROMOTION ASSOCIATES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8713202
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adopted; Commit; Communities; Consent; Country; Data; Development; Discipline; District of Columbia; Drug abuse; Educational process of instructing; Educational workshop; Ensure; Family; Growth; Guidelines; Incentives; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Justice; Learning; Life; Minor; Modeling; Paper; Participant; Peer Group; Peer Review; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Preparation; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Procedures; Provider; Public Health; Punishment; Randomized Controlled Trials; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Sampling; Science; Self Management; Services; Site; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Staff Development; System; Testing; Training; Training Programs; Youth; base; court; design; drug abuse prevention; effectiveness trial; evidence base; informant; innovation; juvenile justice system; meetings; peer; programs; psychosocial development; public health relevance; resilience; skills; skills training; social; social attachment; social skills; substance use prevention; tool; violence prevention; volunteer; young adult

ABSTRACT Adolescents in underserved, urban communities are disproportionately involved in the juvenile justice system. Youth involvement in the court system is a serious public health concern. In recent years, juvenile justice professionals have begun to supplement traditional efforts aimed at discipline and punishment with an asset- based perspective referred to as "positive youth justice" (PYJ). The PYJ approach encourages young court participants to build upon their existing strengths, while learning and mastering new life skills through development of pro-social relationships within their peer groups, families, and communities. These "core assets" are posited to prevent substance use and related risk behaviors and promote successful entry into young adulthood. In the proposed SBIR project, we will adapt and test a two-pronged multi-level intervention for the youth court setting. Youth courts are special diversionary programs for young people who have committed relatively minor offenses; youth who participate in youth courts can avoid the possibility of prosecution and a criminal record. Youth courts have seen tremendous growth over the past two decades and there are now over 1,200 youth courts in the U.S. The first component of the proposed prevention program for youth courts consists of an online training for service providers, designed to promote system-level change within the youth court. The online staff development training will focus on the concepts and practical guidelines of the PYJ model and will train providers to promote pro-social attachment and community involvement for youth participants. The second component is an adaptation of the Life Skills Training (LST) program which will enhance individual-level skills among youth court participants. LST is an evidenced-based drug abuse and violence prevention program that has been extensively tested and documented to be effective by over 30 peer- reviewed papers. LST is strongly aligned with the PYJ model and teaches personal self-management skills, social skills, drug refusal skills, and other life skills needed to successfully navigate developmental tasks, increase resilience, and facilitate healthy psychosocial development. Some youth courts have already independently adopted LST, suggesting that it meets a perceived need and is feasible in this setting. However, LST has never been rigorously adapted, implemented, and tested in the youth court setting. In Phase I we will test the feasibility and acceptability of the online staff training and adapted LST approach in the Youth Court of the District of Columbia (YCDC), the largest youth court in the nation. By intervening with both youth court participants and staff, the proposed intervention can ultimately have a broad impact on risk and protective factors at multiple levels of influence. During Phase II, these intervention components will be tested in a multi- site randomized controlled trial using a sample drawn from the over 1,200 youth courts across the country. The resulting online staff training and youth court materials will provide innovative state-of-the-science tools for use in youth courts and other juvenile justice settings that will have high commercial and public health potential.

摘要 服务不足的城市社区的青少年不成比例地参与青少年司法系统。 青少年参与法院系统是一个严重的公共卫生问题。近年来，青少年司法 专业人士已经开始用一种资产来补充旨在纪律和惩罚的传统努力- 基于被称为“积极青年正义”(青年正义)的观点。毅进计划鼓励年轻的法庭 参与者在现有优势的基础上，通过以下途径学习和掌握新的生活技能 在他们的同龄人群体、家庭和社区内发展亲社会关系。这些“核心” 资产“被认为是为了防止物质使用和相关的风险行为，并促进成功进入 青壮年。在拟议的SBIR项目中，我们将调整和测试双管齐下的多层次干预 为青少年法庭布景。青少年法庭是一项特别的娱乐节目，面向那些有 犯了相对较轻的罪行；参加青少年法庭的青少年可以避免 检方和犯罪记录。在过去的二十年里，青少年法庭有了巨大的发展， 美国现在有1200多个青少年法院，这是拟议的预防计划的第一个组成部分 青年法庭包括一项针对服务提供者的在线培训，旨在促进系统层面的变革 在青年法庭里。在线员工发展培训将重点放在概念和实践指导方针上 并将对提供者进行培训，以促进亲社会依恋和社区参与 青年参与者。第二个组成部分是生活技能培训(LST)计划的改编，该计划将 提高青少年法庭参与者的个人水平技能。LST是一种有证据的药物滥用和 暴力预防计划，已被30多名同龄人广泛测试和记录为有效- 审阅论文。LST与PYJ模式紧密结合，教授个人自我管理技能， 社交技能、拒绝毒品技能和其他成功完成发展任务所需的生活技能， 增强复原力，促进心理社会健康发展。一些青少年法庭已经 独立采用LST，表明它满足了感知的需求，在这种情况下是可行的。然而， LST从未在青少年法庭环境中得到严格的改编、实施和测试。在第一阶段，我们将 测试#年青年法院在线工作人员培训和采用的LST方法的可行性和可接受性 哥伦比亚特区(YCDC)，全国最大的青年法院。通过与两个青年法庭进行干预 参与者和工作人员，拟议的干预措施最终可以对风险和保护产生广泛影响 多层次的影响因素。在第二阶段，这些干预组件将在多个 现场随机对照试验，使用从全国1200多个青年法院抽取的样本。这个 由此产生的在线工作人员培训和青少年法庭材料将为使用提供创新的最先进的工具 在青少年法院和其他青少年司法环境中，将具有很高的商业和公共卫生潜力。