Innovative Positive Juvenile Justice Tools for Youth Courts

青年法庭创新的积极少年司法工具

• 批准号: 8713202
• 负责人: Christopher Williams
• 金额: $ 14.53万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL HEALTH PROMOTION ASSOCIATES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8713202
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adopted; Commit; Communities; Consent; Country; Data; Development; Discipline; District of Columbia; Drug abuse; Educational process of instructing; Educational workshop; Ensure; Family; Growth; Guidelines; Incentives; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Justice; Learning; Life; Minor; Modeling; Paper; Participant; Peer Group; Peer Review; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Preparation; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Procedures; Provider; Public Health; Punishment; Randomized Controlled Trials; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Sampling; Science; Self Management; Services; Site; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Staff Development; System; Testing; Training; Training Programs; Youth; base; court; design; drug abuse prevention; effectiveness trial; evidence base; informant; innovation; juvenile justice system; meetings; peer; programs; psychosocial development; public health relevance; resilience; skills; skills training; social; social attachment; social skills; substance use prevention; tool; violence prevention; volunteer; young adult

ABSTRACT Adolescents in underserved, urban communities are disproportionately involved in the juvenile justice system. Youth involvement in the court system is a serious public health concern. In recent years, juvenile justice professionals have begun to supplement traditional efforts aimed at discipline and punishment with an asset- based perspective referred to as "positive youth justice" (PYJ). The PYJ approach encourages young court participants to build upon their existing strengths, while learning and mastering new life skills through development of pro-social relationships within their peer groups, families, and communities. These "core assets" are posited to prevent substance use and related risk behaviors and promote successful entry into young adulthood. In the proposed SBIR project, we will adapt and test a two-pronged multi-level intervention for the youth court setting. Youth courts are special diversionary programs for young people who have committed relatively minor offenses; youth who participate in youth courts can avoid the possibility of prosecution and a criminal record. Youth courts have seen tremendous growth over the past two decades and there are now over 1,200 youth courts in the U.S. The first component of the proposed prevention program for youth courts consists of an online training for service providers, designed to promote system-level change within the youth court. The online staff development training will focus on the concepts and practical guidelines of the PYJ model and will train providers to promote pro-social attachment and community involvement for youth participants. The second component is an adaptation of the Life Skills Training (LST) program which will enhance individual-level skills among youth court participants. LST is an evidenced-based drug abuse and violence prevention program that has been extensively tested and documented to be effective by over 30 peer- reviewed papers. LST is strongly aligned with the PYJ model and teaches personal self-management skills, social skills, drug refusal skills, and other life skills needed to successfully navigate developmental tasks, increase resilience, and facilitate healthy psychosocial development. Some youth courts have already independently adopted LST, suggesting that it meets a perceived need and is feasible in this setting. However, LST has never been rigorously adapted, implemented, and tested in the youth court setting. In Phase I we will test the feasibility and acceptability of the online staff training and adapted LST approach in the Youth Court of the District of Columbia (YCDC), the largest youth court in the nation. By intervening with both youth court participants and staff, the proposed intervention can ultimately have a broad impact on risk and protective factors at multiple levels of influence. During Phase II, these intervention components will be tested in a multi- site randomized controlled trial using a sample drawn from the over 1,200 youth courts across the country. The resulting online staff training and youth court materials will provide innovative state-of-the-science tools for use in youth courts and other juvenile justice settings that will have high commercial and public health potential.

摘要 服务不足的城市社区的青少年过多地卷入少年司法系统。 青少年参与法院系统是一个严重的公共卫生问题。近年来，少年司法 专业人士已经开始用一种资产来补充旨在纪律和惩罚的传统努力- 这就是所谓的“积极青年正义”（positive youth justice，PYJ）。PYJ方法鼓励年轻法庭 参与者在现有优势的基础上，通过以下方式学习和掌握新的生活技能： 在同龄人群体、家庭和社区中发展亲社会关系。这些“核心 资产”是为了防止物质使用和相关的风险行为，并促进成功进入 年轻的成年在拟议的SBIR项目中，我们将采用并测试一种双管齐下的多层次干预措施 对于青少年法庭的设置。青少年法庭是专门为那些 犯了相对较轻的罪行;参加青年法庭的青年可以避免 起诉和犯罪记录青年法庭在过去二十年中有了巨大的增长， 目前，美国有1,200多个青少年法庭。 青年法庭包括为服务提供者提供的在线培训，旨在促进系统一级的变革 在青年法庭。在线工作人员发展培训将侧重于概念和实践准则， 并会培训服务提供者，以促进亲社会的归属感和社区参与， 青年参与者。第二个组成部分是对生活技能培训方案的调整， 提高青年法庭参与者的个人技能。LST是一种基于证据的药物滥用， 暴力预防方案已经过广泛的测试和记录，有效的30多个同行， 审查文件。LST与PYJ模式紧密结合，教授个人自我管理技能， 社交技能，拒绝毒品的技能，以及其他成功完成发育任务所需的生活技能， 提高复原力，促进健康的心理社会发展。一些青少年法庭已经 独立采用LST，这表明它满足了感知的需要，在这种情况下是可行的。然而，在这方面， LST从未在青年法庭环境中进行过严格的调整、实施和测试。在第一阶段，我们将 测试网上工作人员培训的可行性和可接受性，并在青少年法庭调整LST方法， 全国最大的青少年法庭--哥伦比亚特区。通过干预青年法庭和 参与者和工作人员，拟议的干预措施最终可以对风险和保护产生广泛的影响， 多层次的影响因素。在第二阶段，这些干预措施将在一个多阶段试验， 现场随机对照试验，样本来自全国1,200多个青年法庭。的 由此产生的在线工作人员培训和青年法庭材料将提供创新的科学工具供使用 在青年法庭和其他少年司法环境中，将有很高的商业和公共卫生潜力。