Innovative Positive Juvenile Justice Tools for Youth Courts

青年法庭创新的积极少年司法工具

• 批准号: 8713202
• 负责人: Christopher Williams
• 金额: $ 14.53万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL HEALTH PROMOTION ASSOCIATES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8713202
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adopted; Commit; Communities; Consent; Country; Data; Development; Discipline; District of Columbia; Drug abuse; Educational process of instructing; Educational workshop; Ensure; Family; Growth; Guidelines; Incentives; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Justice; Learning; Life; Minor; Modeling; Paper; Participant; Peer Group; Peer Review; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Preparation; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Procedures; Provider; Public Health; Punishment; Randomized Controlled Trials; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Sampling; Science; Self Management; Services; Site; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Staff Development; System; Testing; Training; Training Programs; Youth; base; court; design; drug abuse prevention; effectiveness trial; evidence base; informant; innovation; juvenile justice system; meetings; peer; programs; psychosocial development; public health relevance; resilience; skills; skills training; social; social attachment; social skills; substance use prevention; tool; violence prevention; volunteer; young adult

ABSTRACT Adolescents in underserved, urban communities are disproportionately involved in the juvenile justice system. Youth involvement in the court system is a serious public health concern. In recent years, juvenile justice professionals have begun to supplement traditional efforts aimed at discipline and punishment with an asset- based perspective referred to as "positive youth justice" (PYJ). The PYJ approach encourages young court participants to build upon their existing strengths, while learning and mastering new life skills through development of pro-social relationships within their peer groups, families, and communities. These "core assets" are posited to prevent substance use and related risk behaviors and promote successful entry into young adulthood. In the proposed SBIR project, we will adapt and test a two-pronged multi-level intervention for the youth court setting. Youth courts are special diversionary programs for young people who have committed relatively minor offenses; youth who participate in youth courts can avoid the possibility of prosecution and a criminal record. Youth courts have seen tremendous growth over the past two decades and there are now over 1,200 youth courts in the U.S. The first component of the proposed prevention program for youth courts consists of an online training for service providers, designed to promote system-level change within the youth court. The online staff development training will focus on the concepts and practical guidelines of the PYJ model and will train providers to promote pro-social attachment and community involvement for youth participants. The second component is an adaptation of the Life Skills Training (LST) program which will enhance individual-level skills among youth court participants. LST is an evidenced-based drug abuse and violence prevention program that has been extensively tested and documented to be effective by over 30 peer- reviewed papers. LST is strongly aligned with the PYJ model and teaches personal self-management skills, social skills, drug refusal skills, and other life skills needed to successfully navigate developmental tasks, increase resilience, and facilitate healthy psychosocial development. Some youth courts have already independently adopted LST, suggesting that it meets a perceived need and is feasible in this setting. However, LST has never been rigorously adapted, implemented, and tested in the youth court setting. In Phase I we will test the feasibility and acceptability of the online staff training and adapted LST approach in the Youth Court of the District of Columbia (YCDC), the largest youth court in the nation. By intervening with both youth court participants and staff, the proposed intervention can ultimately have a broad impact on risk and protective factors at multiple levels of influence. During Phase II, these intervention components will be tested in a multi- site randomized controlled trial using a sample drawn from the over 1,200 youth courts across the country. The resulting online staff training and youth court materials will provide innovative state-of-the-science tools for use in youth courts and other juvenile justice settings that will have high commercial and public health potential.

抽象的 服务不足的城市社区的青少年过多地参与少年司法系统。 青少年参与法院系统是一个严重的公共卫生问题。近年来，青少年司法 专业人员已经开始用一种资产来补充旨在纪律和惩罚的传统努力—— 基于被称为“积极青年正义”（PYJ）的观点。 PYJ 方法鼓励年轻法院 参与者利用他们现有的优势，同时通过以下方式学习和掌握新的生活技能 在同侪群体、家庭和社区内发展亲社会关系。这些“核心 资产”旨在防止物质使用和相关风险行为，并促进成功进入 年轻的成年期。在拟议的 SBIR 项目中，我们将调整和测试双管齐下的多层次干预措施 对于青少年法庭的设置。青少年法庭是针对那些有过类似经历的青少年的特殊转导项目。 犯有相对轻微的罪行；参加青少年法庭的青少年可以避免 被起诉并有犯罪记录。过去二十年来，青少年法庭取得了巨大的发展， 美国目前有超过 1,200 个青少年法庭。拟议的预防计划的第一个组成部分是 青年法庭包括针对服务提供者的在线培训，旨在促进系统层面的变革 青少年法庭内。在线员工发展培训将重点关注概念和实践指南 PYJ 模式的一部分，并将培训提供者以促进亲社会依恋和社区参与 青年参与者。第二个部分是对生活技能培训（LST）计划的改编，该计划将 提高青少年法庭参与者的个人技能。 LST 是一项基于证据的药物滥用和 暴力预防计划已经过 30 多个同行的广泛测试和证明是有效的 审阅论文。 LST 与 PYJ 模式高度一致，教授个人自我管理技能， 社交技能、拒绝毒品技能以及成功完成发展任务所需的其他生活技能， 增强复原力，促进健康的社会心理发展。一些青少年法庭已经 独立采用了 LST，表明它满足了感知的需求并且在这种情况下是可行的。然而， LST 从未在青少年法庭环境中进行过严格的调整、实施和测试。在第一阶段，我们将 测试青年法院在线工作人员培训和适应的 LST 方法的可行性和可接受性 哥伦比亚特区 (YCDC)，全国最大的青少年法庭。通过对两个青少年法庭进行干预 参与者和工作人员，拟议的干预措施最终可以对风险和保护产生广泛的影响 多层次影响的因素。在第二阶段，这些干预措施将在多方面进行测试 使用从全国 1,200 多个青少年法庭抽取的样本进行现场随机对照试验。这 由此产生的在线工作人员培训和青少年法庭材料将提供创新的、最先进的工具供使用 在青年法庭和其他少年司法机构中，这些机构将具有很高的商业和公共卫生潜力。