Implantable Bio-Artificial Pancreas (iBAP)

项目摘要/摘要 截至2020年5月25日，全球新冠肺炎确诊病例超过550万例，约170万例 美国有100万人死亡，那里发生了近10万人死亡。急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS) 继发于新冠肺炎，主要通过机械通气治疗。在所有住院的新冠肺炎患者中- 19例患者，约20%将接受插管和机械通气。不幸的是，ARDS患者 尤其对呼吸机相关性肺损伤(VILI)敏感，高达80%的新冠肺炎气管插管 病人已经死亡。相比之下，ECMO绕过了肺部，从而避免了VILI，患者的血液 使用包含透气膜的体外循环直接给氧。而ECMO则拥有 显示出与机械通气相比存活率增加，ECMO程序的复杂性，相关 出血和凝血风险，以及劳动强度限制了它的使用。我们建议开发一种新的 由硅纳米孔膜(SNM)构成的氧气膜。增强的生物兼容性 而增加SNM的气体流量将使硅膜氧合器(SIMOX)-一种紧凑和 潜在的无抗凝血的ECMO系统。SIMOX将建立一种新的模式--“把它放在一边，忘掉它” 血液充氧，其特点是操作复杂性降低，出血/凝血减少 风险，减少了人员需求。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT As of May 25th, 2020, there were over 5.5 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide and around 1.7 million in the US, where almost 100,000 deaths have occurred. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) presents secondary to COVID-19 and is primarily treated by mechanical ventilation. Of all hospitalized COVID- 19 patients, around 20% will be intubated and mechanically ventilated. Unfortunately, ARDS patients are especially susceptible to ventilator induced lung injury (VILI) and as many as 80% of intubated COVID-19 patients have died. In contrast, ECMO bypasses the lungs, thereby avoiding VILI, and the patient’s blood is directly oxygenated using an extracorporeal circuit containing a gas-permeable membrane. While ECMO has shown increased survival relative to mechanical ventilation, the complexity of the ECMO procedure, associated bleeding and clotting risks, and labor intensiveness has restricted its use. We propose to develop a new oxygenator membrane constructed from silicon nanopore membranes (SNM). The enhanced biocompatibility and increased gas flux of the SNM will enable the Silicon Membrane Oxygenator (SiMOx) - a compact and potentially anticoagulation-free ECMO system. The SiMOx will establish a new paradigm of “set it and forget it” blood oxygenation that is characterized by decreased operational complexity, diminished bleeding/clotting risks, and reduced personnel needs.