Center for Adolescent Reward, Rhythms and Sleep (CARRS)

项目摘要 我们建议建立一个名为“青少年奖励中心”的NIDA卓越研究中心（P50）， 节奏和睡眠（CARRS）。青春期是滥用药物的脆弱时期。这种风险反映了 青少年的高度奖励系统，无论文化教养或家庭如何， 环境，相对于成人和儿童。此外，遗传、社会和环境因素也会影响 青少年大脑所经历的睡眠量和昼夜节律失调。的目标 CARRS是整合人类和啮齿动物的研究，以了解青少年睡眠和昼夜节律的影响 奖励回路和物质使用（SU）的节律变化（生物和环境诱导）- 相关成果。我们将使用实验操作来进一步研究睡眠和昼夜节律是如何 影响奖励功能和SU相关结果，最终目标是开发新的预防或 干预策略。睡眠时间晚、睡眠时间短和昼夜节律失调与 青少年和年轻人的物质使用增加。该中心的核心假设是， 发育作用于潜在的睡眠和昼夜特征以改变稳态睡眠驱动，昼夜相位， 和昼夜节律的调整，这反过来又影响对物质使用风险至关重要的皮质边缘功能（例如，奖励 认知控制）。我们进一步假设，睡眠和昼夜节律的具体操纵， 青少年对奖赏反应性和认知控制有正向或负向的影响。这些 操作将为我们的模型提供实验支持，并为新的临床应用提供概念证明。 采取干预措施，以降低物质使用障碍的风险。反过来，滥用药物也会影响昼夜节律， 奖励和睡眠系统，形成恶性循环。有助于稳定昼夜节律和睡眠的干预措施 系统，或减少这些中断造成的损害，可能是防止药物滥用， 脆弱的个体。该中心的目标是：1）确定睡眠和昼夜节律的作用， 奖励敏感性和物质使用（SU）在青春期。2)进行翻译研究，旨在 制定干预措施，以降低高危人群的风险。3)与其他中心合作， 研究界提供信息和补充正在进行的研究。4)提供关于睡眠的培训和教育， 昼夜节律和物质使用。

PROJECT SUMMARY We are proposing a NIDA Research Center of Excellence (P50) entitled, Center for Adolescent Reward, Rhythms and Sleep (CARRS). Adolescence is a vulnerable time for substance abuse. This risk reflects the heightened reward system of adolescence, which is found regardless of cultural upbringing or home environment, relative to both adults and children. In addition, genetic, social and environmental factors influence the amount of sleep and circadian rhythm misalignment experienced by the adolescent brain. The goal of CARRS is to integrate human and rodent studies to understand the impact of adolescent sleep and circadian rhythm changes (both biologically and environmentally induced) on reward circuitry and substance use (SU)- relevant outcomes. We will use experimental manipulations to further examine how sleep and circadian rhythms affect reward function and SU-related outcomes, with the ultimate goal of developing novel prevention or intervention strategies. Late sleep timing, short sleep duration and circadian misalignment are associated with increased substance use in teenagers and young adults. The central hypothesis of the Center is that adolescent development acts on underlying sleep and circadian traits to modify homeostatic sleep drive, circadian phase, and circadian alignment, which in turn impact cortico-limbic functions critical to substance use risk (e.g., reward and cognitive control). We further hypothesize that specific manipulations of sleep and circadian rhythms during adolescence will affect reward responsivity and cognitive control in either positive or negative directions. These manipulations will provide experimental support for our model, and proof of concept for novel clinical interventions to reduce the risk of substance use disorders. In turn, abuse of drugs will also impact the circadian, reward and sleep systems, creating a vicious cycle. Interventions that help stabilize the circadian and sleep systems, or reduce the damage done by these disruptions, may be protective against substance abuse in vulnerable individuals. The goals of the center are to 1) Determine the role of sleep and circadian rhythms in reward sensitivity and substance use (SU) in adolescence. 2) Conduct translational research aimed at the development of interventions to reduce risk in at-risk individuals. 3) Partner with other Centers and the addiction research community to inform and complement ongoing research. 4) Provide training and education on sleep, circadian rhythms, and substance use.