Predictors and consequences of young adult marijuana use and concurrent and simultaneous alcohol use: Month to month variation across 24 consecutive months

摘要 酒精和大麻是年轻人中最常用的物质，其使用情况如下 常常交织在一起。随着最近几个州大麻合法化的变化，理解 大麻使用可能对酒精使用产生的影响。在像华盛顿这样的州，酒精和 娱乐性使用大麻对成年人(21岁以上)是合法的，重要的是检查这两个人是如何 物质正在被使用，并在YA之间相互作用。大麻使用量的增加可能与 如果大麻作为酒精的替代品，酒精使用量会减少，或者如果大麻作为酒精的替代品，可能会导致更多的酒精使用量 随着时间的推移，大麻和酒精的使用量都会增加，这是相辅相成的。到目前为止，大多数 研究设计没有提供数据来允许在个体层面上检查是否有 随着时间的推移，预期的逐月替代或补充影响，到目前为止还没有研究 在大麻合法化的背景下审查了这些影响。此外，目前对 考虑到不同的大麻和酒精重叠使用模式的短期后果。 同时使用酒精和大麻(SAM；即，在同一场合，因此影响重叠)是 与特别严重的风险有关，包括严重的法律、学术、人际、身体和精神风险 健康问题。然而，大多数吸食大麻的酒精使用者同时吸食大麻。现在 应用程序建议对招募的YAS进行前沿纵向研究的二次分析 在大麻合法化期间，他从佤邦的社区中得到了帮助。项目过渡(R01AA022087) 从YAS(在研究过程中年龄在18-25岁之间)连续24个月收集月度数据。亚斯 (n=779)在18岁至23岁之间，报告在上一年至少消费一种酒精饮料的人数为 招募并登记参加项目过渡。这项由NIAAA资助的研究重点是酒精使用；然而，一项 还提供了关于每月大麻使用、SAM使用和相关后果的丰富数据集。现在 应用程序建议对这一独特的纵向数据集进行二次数据分析。从这一成本中得出的结论- 利用每月数据的高效二次分析研究将使我们能够创新和批判性地回答 增加我们对酒精和大麻使用同时发生的知识的重要问题，是否 大麻对酒精可能有替代或补充作用，同时与酒精之间存在联系 短期后果的SAM使用，以及这些后果可能如何影响未来的使用以及如何 重要的自然发生的生活事件(即21岁)会影响使用轨迹。该项目将提供 回答具有公共卫生和政策重要性并具有重要意义的新研究问题 对青少年预防和干预策略的影响。

ABSTRACT Alcohol and marijuana are the most commonly used substances among young adults (YAs) and their use is often intertwined. With recent changes in legalization of marijuana in several states, it is critical to understand the impact marijuana use may have on alcohol use. In states like Washington where both alcohol and recreational marijuana use are legal for adults (aged 21+), it is important to examine how these two substances are being used and interacting among YAs. Increases in marijuana use may be associated with decreases in alcohol use if marijuana acts as a substitute for alcohol, or it may lead to greater alcohol use if there are complementary effects such that both marijuana and alcohol use increase over time. To date, most study designs have not provided data to allow examination, at the individual level, of whether there are prospective month-to-month substitution or complementary effects over time and there are no studies to date that have examined these effects in the context of legalized marijuana. Also, there is limited research with respect to short-term consequences of different patterns of overlapping marijuana and alcohol use. Simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM; i.e., on the same occasion so the effects overlap) use is associated with particular acute risks including serious legal, academic, interpersonal, physical and mental health problems. However, most alcohol users who use marijuana do so simultaneously. The present application proposes to conduct secondary analyses from a cutting-edge longitudinal study of YAs recruited from the community in WA State during the time of legalized marijuana. Project Transitions (R01AA022087) collected monthly data across 24 consecutive months from YAs (ages 18-25 over the course of the study). YAs (N=779) between ages 18 and 23 who reported consuming at least one alcoholic drink in the prior year were recruited and enrolled into Project Transitions. This NIAAA-funded study focused on alcohol use; however, a rich set of data on monthly marijuana use, SAM use, and related consequences is also available. The present application proposes secondary data analysis of this unique longitudinal dataset. Findings from this cost- efficient secondary analysis study utilizing monthly data will allow us to answer innovative and critically important questions that increase our knowledge of the co-occurrence of alcohol and marijuana use, whether marijuana may have substitution or complementary effects with alcohol, associations between concurrent and SAM use with short-term consequences and how these consequences may influence future use and how important naturally occurring life events (i.e., turning 21) influence trajectories of use. The project will provide answers to novel research questions that are of public health and policy importance and have important implications for young adult prevention and intervention strategies.