Developmental Models of High-Risk Alcohol Use & Social Roles in Young Adulthood

高风险饮酒的发展模型

• 批准号: 8628629
• 负责人: CHRISTINE M. Lee
• 金额: $ 47.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-02-15 至 2019-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8628629
• 关键词: Acute; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Area; Back; Behavior; Cereals; Characteristics; Climacteric; Clinical; Commit; Communities; Data; Data Collection; Dependence; Development; Distal; Drops; Drug Use Disorder; Employment; Etiology; Friends; Health; Heavy Drinking; Heterogeneity; High Prevalence; Home environment; Independent Living; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Lead; Left; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Long-Term Effects; Marriage; Mediation; Minor; Modeling; Motivation; Occupations; Parental Leave; Parenting behavior; Parents; Persons; Preventive Intervention; Psychological Models; Psychological Theory; Public Health; Recruitment Activity; Research; Risk; Role; Sampling; Schools; Social Environment; Social Network; Strategic Planning; Stress; Substance Use Disorder; Surveys; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Variant; Work; alcohol consequences; alcohol related consequences; catalyst; college; coping; design; drinking; high risk; lifetime risk; meetings; metropolitan; public health relevance; social; theories; university student; young adult

ABSTRACT Across the life course, alcohol use reaches its peak for most individuals during young adulthood, and use at this time is associated with many acute negative consequences and potential longer-term effects. During this period, changes in alcohol use and heavy drinking have been found to be a function of social role status and contexts. Young adults, on average, tend to "mature out" of heavy drinking as they enter their mid/late-20's and take on new roles and responsibilities. However, the high prevalence of problematic drinking among those in their late teens and early/mid-20s, including being at highest lifetime risk for having an alcohol or substance use disorder, suggests that as a field we need to better understand not only major life changes (e.g., marriage, parenting), but also the many smaller life changes that occur during young adulthood. Very little is known about the micro-transitions of young adulthood, or the incremental steps/transitions (e.g., dropping out of school, starting/ending jobs, starting/ending relationships, relationships increasing in seriousness, moving in/out with parents, friends, romantic partners) that comprise major role transitions, including the perceived characteristics of these roles and transitions, and the impact on immediate and long-term changes in alcohol use and consequences. We need to develop and test models of risk that can lead to specific intervention strategies for hazardous alcohol use and consequences. The proposed research focuses on alcohol use during young adulthood and investigates empirical evidence for two developmental models that have been posited to explain why alcohol use increases during young adulthood: the Transitions Catalyst Model and the Transitions Overload Model. The long-term objectives of the proposed project are to extend prior research by taking a finer-grained approach with monthly assessments of young adults (N = 800, 18-25 years old, recruited via social networking) across two years and bi-annual surveys in Year 3 (total of 26 data points) to understand: 1) the multitude of social role micro-transitions and characteristics of these transitions both within and between domains and the impact on alcohol use and consequences, 2) whether changes in alcohol use precede or follow micro-transitions, and whether this is a function of changing drinking motives, and 3) how distinct profiles of role transitions correspond with longer-term problematic alcohol and other substance use in YA, including risk for abuse and dependence. The proposed application fits within NIAAA's strategic plan and has significant implications for public health, including identifying when to intervene (e.g., before or after certain transitions/life changes), what mechanisms to target (e.g., drinking motives, stress), and who to target.

摘要 在整个生命过程中，酒精使用对大多数人来说在青年时期达到顶峰， 这段时间会带来许多严重的负面后果和潜在的长期影响。在此 在此期间，酒精使用和大量饮酒的变化被发现是社会角色地位的函数， contexts.平均而言，年轻人进入20多岁时往往会“成熟”，不再酗酒， 承担新的角色和责任。然而，在那些有问题的饮酒者中， 青少年后期和20岁出头/中期，包括因饮酒或服用某种物质而处于一生中最高风险的人 使用障碍，表明作为一个领域，我们不仅需要更好地理解主要的生活变化（例如，婚姻， 养育子女），但也有许多较小的生活变化发生在年轻的成年。很少有人知道 年轻成年期的微转变，或递增的步骤/转变（例如，辍学， 开始/结束工作，开始/结束关系，关系越来越严重，搬入/搬出 父母，朋友，浪漫的伴侣），包括主要的角色转换，包括感知特征 这些角色和转变，以及对酒精使用的直接和长期变化的影响， 后果我们需要开发和测试风险模型，以制定具体的干预策略， 危险的酒精使用和后果这项研究的重点是年轻时的饮酒情况。 成年期，并调查了两个发展模型的经验证据， 为什么酒精使用在年轻的成年期增加：过渡催化剂模型和过渡 过载模型。拟议项目的长期目标是通过采取一项 更细粒度的方法，每月评估年轻人（N = 800，18-25岁，通过 社交网络）和第三年的半年调查（共26个数据点），以了解：1） 社会角色微观转变的多样性以及这些转变在内部和之间的特点 领域和对酒精使用和后果的影响，2）酒精使用的变化是否先于或 遵循微观转变，以及这是否是改变饮酒动机的函数，以及3）不同的轮廓 的角色转换对应于长期的问题酒精和其他物质的使用，包括 滥用和依赖的风险。拟议的应用程序符合NIAAA的战略计划，并具有重大意义。 对公共卫生的影响，包括确定何时进行干预（例如，在某些过渡/生活之前或之后 变化），以什么机制为目标（例如，饮酒动机，压力），以及目标是谁。