CMA: Network plasticity in acquired epileptogenesis
CMA:获得性癫痫发生中的网络可塑性
基本信息
- 批准号:10343662
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2021
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2021-01-01 至 2024-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AdultAreaCalciumCellsChronicClinicalCognitiveCognitive deficitsCommunicationComplexComputer ModelsDevelopmentDiseaseDrug resistanceElectrophysiology (science)EpilepsyEpileptogenesisEventExcisionFunctional disorderGABA ReceptorGoalsHigh Frequency OscillationHippocampus (Brain)ImageImaging TechniquesImpaired cognitionIn VitroInterneuronsInterruptionInterventionLeadLightMapsMeasuresMediatingMemoryMethodsModelingMonitorMorbidity - disease rateNeocortexNeuronsOperative Surgical ProceduresOpsinParvalbuminsPathologicPatientsPatternPharmaceutical PreparationsPhotic StimulationPhotonsPilocarpinePlayPost-Traumatic EpilepsyReportingResearch DesignResistanceResolutionRoleSeizuresSliceSynapsesTechniquesTemporal Lobe EpilepsyTimecell typecomorbiditydisabilityimmunocytochemistryin vivomilitary veteranneocorticalneuropsychiatryoptogeneticspatch clamppreventreceptor expressionrecruitside effecttwo photon microscopytwo-photon
项目摘要
Project Summary/ Abstract: Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) is the most frequent type of post-traumatic
epilepsy, causing significant morbidity in the veteran population. Approximately 60% of adult epilepsy cases
are due to TLE, which is often medication-resistant requiring surgery. Even after surgery, ~30% of patients
continue to have ictal events. TLE causes cognitive deficits, including significant executive, memory, and
neuropsychiatric dysfunction. After initiation by a precipitating event, a seizure-free “epileptogenic” period
typically follows before TLE sets in. The network mechanisms that lead to the development of epilepsy during
this “epileptogenic” period are poorly understood. A deep and precise understanding of these mechanisms is
critical for developing new, more effective, methods of intervention to treat temporal epilepsy without the side-
effects of medications and the potential disability of large surgical resections.
TLE seizures are thought to be initiated at a restricted temporal focus and then entrain cortical networks. Recent
evidence suggests that a large network of areas, including neocortex, play an active role in TLE. Sheybani et al.
[7] reports that a self-sustained epileptic network developed during epileptogenesis, becoming gradually able to
generate pathological electrical activity independent of the initial hippocampal focus. Together with other
experimental and clinical observations, this strongly suggests that extra-hippocampal cortical areas are involved
in epileptogenesis. However, how cortical circuits get modified during epileptogenesis remains unknown.
We combine chronic, in-vivo, large-field (Mesoscopic) two-photon microscopy with optogenetic modulation of
specific cortical interneuron classes to study at single-cell resolution: i) how aberrant activity emerges in
neocortical circuits over the course of epileptogenesis in the pilocarpine model of TLE, and ii) whether it is
possible to interrupt the hippocampo-cortical cycle of epileptic activity by modulating optogenetically specific
types of cortical interneurons. We hypothesize that hypersynchronous firing of parvalbumin positive (PV+) and
progressively decreased engagement of SST+ interneurons emerges in cortical circuits during the epileptogenic
period. Pathological circuit dynamics will be particularly observed during the 200-400 Hz high frequency
oscillations (HFOs) shown to be a marker for circuit hyper-excitability.
In aim 1, we measure how the profile of recruitment of different types of cortical neurons during high frequency
oscillations (HFOs) changes as a function of time during epileptogenesis in the pilocarpine model of TLE. We
expect that over time cortical excitability will increase and autonomous hyper-synchronous activity patterns that
may be hippocampally independent will emerge. In aim 2, we will use single-photon optogenetics with stabilized
step-function opsins as well as spatial-light-modulated (SLM), 2-photon, single-cell-specific optogenetics to
causally interrogate cortical circuit excitability during epileptogenesis. Information obtained will be critical for
identifying cell specific targets for interventions to prevent epileptogenesis and its cognitive sequelae in TLE.
Overall Strategy: The overall goal of our collaborative merit proposal is to determine the key changes in
hippocampal and neocortical circuitry that promotes the development of epilepsy and cognitive dysfunction after
the initial insult. Aims of Other Proposals: 1. Wasterlain will use immunocytochemical techniques, including
EM immunocytochemistry, to quantify changes in the GABA receptor expression at the synapse and in the peri-
synaptic space. 2. Naylor will use in-vitro slice patch clamp recordings, optogenetics, and computational
modeling to understand how the functional connectivity of different interneuron types changes during this key
period. 3. Golshani will use a combination of electrophysiological and imaging techniques to understand how the
activity patterns of defined interneuron types studied by Naylor change in vivo during the epileptogenesis in the
hippocampus. All studies are independent, yet deeply inform each other, as a multi-dimensional understanding
will be key for making progress in this highly complex and disabling disorder.
项目摘要/摘要:颞叶癫痫(TLE)是创伤后最常见的一种类型
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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Stelios Manolis Smirnakis其他文献
Stelios Manolis Smirnakis的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Stelios Manolis Smirnakis', 18)}}的其他基金
Cell-specific Functional and Transcriptomic Analysis of Plasticity Pathways in MECP2-Duplication Syndrome
MECP2 重复综合征可塑性途径的细胞特异性功能和转录组分析
- 批准号:
10593623 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
CMA: Network plasticity in acquired epileptogenesis
CMA:获得性癫痫发生中的网络可塑性
- 批准号:
10011986 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Dense Analysis of Cortical Circuit Dysfunction in the MECP2-duplication Syndrome of Autism
自闭症 MECP2 重复综合征皮质回路功能障碍的密集分析
- 批准号:
10545061 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Dense Analysis of Cortical Circuit Dysfunction in the MECP2-duplication Syndrome of Autism
自闭症 MECP2 重复综合征皮质回路功能障碍的密集分析
- 批准号:
10322152 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
CMA: Network plasticity in acquired epileptogenesis
CMA:获得性癫痫发生中的网络可塑性
- 批准号:
10553141 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
PROBING THE CELL-SPECIFIC CONTROL OF FOCAL CORTICAL SEIZURE EVENTS IN VIVO
探究体内局灶性皮质癫痫事件的细胞特异性控制
- 批准号:
10553167 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Developing a rational strategy for visual rehabilitation after cortical lesions
制定皮质损伤后视力康复的合理策略
- 批准号:
10091313 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
PROBING THE CELL-SPECIFIC CONTROL OF FOCAL CORTICAL SEIZURE EVENTS IN VIVO
探究体内局灶性皮质癫痫事件的细胞特异性控制
- 批准号:
10438529 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Developing a rational strategy for visual rehabilitation after cortical lesions
制定皮质损伤后视力康复的合理策略
- 批准号:
10454752 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
PROBING THE CELL-SPECIFIC CONTROL OF FOCAL CORTICAL SEIZURE EVENTS IN VIVO
探究体内局灶性皮质癫痫事件的细胞特异性控制
- 批准号:
9889763 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
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