Place Matters - Adaptable Solutions to Violence at the Community Level

地点很重要 - 社区层面暴力的适应性解决方案

• 批准号: 10453437
• 负责人: CHARLES C. BRANAS
• 金额: $ 54.49万
• 依托单位: TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10453437
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Age; Alcohols; Area; Buffers; Cause of Death; Cessation of life; Child Abuse; Child Abuse and Neglect; Childhood; Cities; Cluster randomized trial; Communities; Crime; Developed Countries; Disease; Evaluation; Family; Family Violence; Firearms; Goals; Health; Home; Homicide; Individual; Infrastructure; Injury; Intervention; Intervention Trial; Knowledge; Lead; Life Style; Link; Location; Measures; Morbidity - disease rate; Nature; Neighborhoods; Observational Study; Outcome; Pattern; Persons; Pilot Projects; Play; Policies; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Primary Prevention; Property; Public Health; Qualitative Evaluations; Randomized Controlled Trials; Research; Role; Schools; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Social Controls; Stress; Structure; Testing; Time; Translating; Translations; Trust; Violence; Youth; arm; base; built environment; community partnership; community violence; cost; cost effective; disability; evidence base; experience; gun violence; health disparity; health disparity populations; improved; innovation; intimate partner violence; mortality; novel; perceived stress; physical assault; population based; programs; public health relevance; remediation; scale up; school violence; treatment arm; urban setting; violence prevention; weapons; willingness; years of life lost; youth violence; youth violence prevention

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT Project Title: Place matters - Adaptable Solutions to Violence at the Community Level Violence is a leading health burden in the U.S. and globally, and plays a significant role in shaping population health and health disparities, given both immediate and long-term consequences.4 Remediation of abandoned buildings and vacant lots has been shown to be an effective and cost-beneficial solution to violence, especially firearm violence, in U.S. cities.9-11 This place-based blight remediation may be an effective population-based strategy for primary prevention of serious and lethal violence among youth but few studies have tested this approach among youth, specifically.12 Furthermore, it may have an impact on violence in the home or family violence, including child abuse and intimate partner violence (IPV); but no studies have examined this effect, although research on other forms of neighborhood disorder and the nature of family violence suggest that it may have a substantial impact.15 The objective of the proposed project aims to conduct the first community-level randomized controlled trial aimed at blight remediation for youth and family violence prevention. Our long-term goal is to define and address the role of community infrastructure and its potential impact on multiple forms of violence, and to identify potential buffers that may be included in prevention efforts. Our central hypothesis is that blight remediation will provide fewer locations for illegal weapons storage but will also improve residential sense of community and social control, and reduce stress among residents. This proposal is feasible because it leverages our ongoing evaluation of blight reduction efforts by the City of New Orleans and ongoing neighborhood-based violence research by the PIs. To address the current research gaps and achieve our objectives, we propose to conduct a cluster randomized trial with 600 lots and two intervention arms (n=150 lots in each arm)—one without buildings/structures and greened and one greened and with buildings/structures treated—propensity score matched 1:1 to control lots (n=300) across four New Orleans communities experiencing high rates of violence. A qualitative evaluation will also be conducted to examine the personal impact of blight remediation strategies. Confirmation of our hypotheses that reduction of neighborhood blight impacts not only youth violence (including serious and lethal) but also child abuse and IPV will provide critical information for policy and prevention efforts. Furthermore, examination of potential structural buffers or deterrents will aid in scaling up and translation of this highly innovative community-level program as well as providing further evidence for the interaction between multiple neighborhood conditions on violence-related outcomes.

项目总结/摘要 项目名称：地方问题-社区层面的暴力问题适应性解决方案 暴力是美国和全球的主要健康负担，在全球范围内发挥着重要作用。 在形成人口健康和健康差距方面， 4已证明，对废弃建筑物和空地进行补救是一种 有效和成本效益的解决暴力，特别是枪支暴力，在美国城市。 这种基于地点的枯萎病修复可能是一种有效的基于人口的策略， 预防青年中的严重和致命暴力，但很少有研究对此进行测试 12此外，它可能对社区中的暴力行为产生影响， 家庭或家庭暴力，包括虐待儿童和亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）;但没有 尽管对其他形式的邻里关系混乱的研究， 家庭暴力的性质表明，它可能会产生重大影响。 拟议项目的目的是进行第一个社区水平的随机对照试验 旨在为预防青年和家庭暴力提供补救措施。我们的长期目标是 确定和解决社区基础设施的作用及其对多方面的潜在影响 这一战略旨在消除暴力形式，并确定可纳入预防工作的潜在缓冲区。我们 中心假设是，枯萎病整治将减少非法武器的位置 存储，但也将提高住宅的社区意识和社会控制，并减少 居民的压力。这一提议是可行的，因为它利用了我们正在进行的评估 新奥尔良市减少枯萎病的努力和持续的社区暴力 PI的研究。为了解决目前的研究差距，实现我们的目标，我们 我建议进行一项随机分组试验，共600个批次，两个干预组（n=150 一个没有建筑物/构筑物，一个绿化， 处理的建筑物/结构-倾向评分与四个对照批次（n=300）1：1匹配 新奥尔良社区经历了高暴力率。定性评价还将 进行检查枯萎病补救策略的个人影响。确认 我们的假设是，减少邻里枯萎病不仅影响青年暴力（包括 严重和致命），而且虐待儿童和IPV将为政策和 预防工作。此外，审查潜在的结构缓冲或威慑因素将有助于 在扩大和翻译这一高度创新的社区级计划，以及 为多个邻域条件之间的相互作用提供了进一步的证据， 与暴力有关的结果。