A neurocomputational model of age-related differences in navigation.

项目摘要：年龄相关差异的神经计算模型， 导航 对于许多人来说，导航技能随着年龄的增长而下降，特别是对于小说来说， 个人还不太熟悉的环境。中的减损 导航对于那些有轻度认知障碍的人来说尤其明显， 阿尔茨海默病和阿尔茨海默病相关痴呆症（ADRD）的危险因素。但我们的 对航行中与年龄有关的差异的了解仍然不够。的 导航中与年龄相关的差异的主要解释与以下方面的损伤有关： 认知地图，但这个模型的解释能力是有限的，特别是 在解释与年龄相关的导航差异的异质性。在这里，我们寻求 开发一种新的计算模型， 框架，以更好地解释与年龄相关的导航差异。我们专注于 特别是测试假设相关的更大的依赖多模态线索整合 (Aim 1）和策略刚性（目标2）在老年人。这些想法将被测试使用 高度沉浸式虚拟现实，参与者戴上头戴式显示器， 免费的走廊。目标1中的实验将为我们的 采用匹配和失配条件的计算模型 视觉和独特的（基于身体的）线索。这将使我们能够测试目标1， 老年人比年轻人更依赖多模式融合。的 目标2中的实验将测试老年人是否依赖于以前的试验来获得更大的 程度比年轻的成年人，特别是匹配和不匹配的试验。这将 让我们测试老年人在多大程度上可能表现出策略僵化， 依靠过去的试验。目标1&2还将允许我们测试与个人相关的想法 导航策略的差异，这可以根据 受试者在不同测试条件下的反应。最后，我们将测试 轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者提供初步和探索性测试 在我们的实验中发现了它们的导航缺陷。该项目的成果包括： 有可能提供一个新的理解与年龄有关的差异，在导航， 开发了一个复杂而新颖的计算模型， 沉浸式虚拟现实的实验

Project Abstract: A neurocomputational model of age-related differences in navigation For many individuals, navigation skills decline with increasing age, particularly for novel environments with which the individual is not already highly familiar. Impairments in navigation are particularly evident for those with mild cognitive impairment, a significant risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease and Alzheimer’s related dementia (ADRD). Yet, our understanding of age-related differences in navigation remains underdeveloped. The dominant explanation for age-related differences in navigation relates to impairments in the cognitive map, yet the explanatory capabilities of this model are limited, particularly in explaining the heterogeneity of age-related differences in navigation. Here, we seek to develop a novel computational model that employs an approximate Bayesian framework to better account for age-related differences in navigation. We focus in particular on testing hypotheses related to greater reliance on multimodal cue integration (Aim 1) and strategy rigidity (Aim 2) in older adults. These ideas will be tested using highly immersive virtual reality in which participants don a head-mounted display and free ambulate hallways. The experiment in Aim 1 will provide critical tests of our computational model by employing conditions involving both matching and mismatching visual and idiothetic (body-based) cues. This will allow us to test Aim 1 and whether older adults rely on multimodal integration to a greater extent than younger adults. The experiment in Aim 2 will test whether older adults rely on previous trials to a greater extent than younger adults, particularly for matching and mismatching trials. This will allow us to test the extent to which older adults might show strategy rigidity by over- relying on past trials. Aim 1&2 will also allow us to test ideas related to individual differences in navigation strategies, which can be assessed based on the variability in subject responses within the different conditions tested. Finally, we will test a subset of individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to provide initial and exploratory testing of their navigational deficits in our experiments. The outcomes of this project have the potential to provide a new understanding of age-related differences in navigation by developing a sophisticated and novel computational model that we test in detail with experiments in immersive virtual reality.