A neurocomputational model of age-related differences in navigation.

项目摘要：年龄相关差异的神经计算模型 导航 对于许多人来说，导航技能随着年龄的增长而下降，特别是对小说来说 个人还不是很熟悉的环境。减值 对于轻度认知障碍的人来说，导航尤其明显，这是一个重要的 阿尔茨海默病和阿尔茨海默病相关痴呆(ADRD)的危险因素。然而，我们的 对导航中与年龄相关的差异的理解仍然不发达。这个 对与年龄相关的导航差异的主要解释与 认知地图，然而这个模型的解释能力是有限的，特别是 来解释与年龄相关的导航差异的异质性。在这里，我们寻求 开发一种采用近似贝叶斯的新型计算模型 该框架的目的是更好地考虑与年龄有关的导航差异。我们专注于 特别是测试与更多地依赖多模式线索整合相关的假设 (目标1)和策略僵化(目标2)。这些想法将通过以下方式进行测试 高度身临其境的虚拟现实，参与者戴上头盔显示器， 免费步行走廊。目标1中的实验将为我们的 同时使用匹配和不匹配条件的计算模型 视觉和特技(基于身体)的暗示。这将允许我们测试目标1以及 老年人比年轻人在更大程度上依赖多模式融合。这个 AIM 2的实验将测试老年人是否依赖于之前的试验 尤其是在配型试验和错配试验中。这将是 允许我们测试老年人可能在多大程度上通过过度- 依靠过去的试验。目标1和目标2还将允许我们测试与个人相关的想法 导航策略的差异，可以根据 受试者在不同测试条件下的反应。最后，我们将测试 轻度认知障碍(MCI)患者提供初步和探索性测试 在我们的实验中发现了它们的导航缺陷。这个项目的成果是 可能通过以下方式提供对与年龄相关的导航差异的新理解 开发复杂而新颖的计算模型，我们将使用该模型进行详细测试 身临其境的虚拟现实实验。

Project Abstract: A neurocomputational model of age-related differences in navigation For many individuals, navigation skills decline with increasing age, particularly for novel environments with which the individual is not already highly familiar. Impairments in navigation are particularly evident for those with mild cognitive impairment, a significant risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease and Alzheimer’s related dementia (ADRD). Yet, our understanding of age-related differences in navigation remains underdeveloped. The dominant explanation for age-related differences in navigation relates to impairments in the cognitive map, yet the explanatory capabilities of this model are limited, particularly in explaining the heterogeneity of age-related differences in navigation. Here, we seek to develop a novel computational model that employs an approximate Bayesian framework to better account for age-related differences in navigation. We focus in particular on testing hypotheses related to greater reliance on multimodal cue integration (Aim 1) and strategy rigidity (Aim 2) in older adults. These ideas will be tested using highly immersive virtual reality in which participants don a head-mounted display and free ambulate hallways. The experiment in Aim 1 will provide critical tests of our computational model by employing conditions involving both matching and mismatching visual and idiothetic (body-based) cues. This will allow us to test Aim 1 and whether older adults rely on multimodal integration to a greater extent than younger adults. The experiment in Aim 2 will test whether older adults rely on previous trials to a greater extent than younger adults, particularly for matching and mismatching trials. This will allow us to test the extent to which older adults might show strategy rigidity by over- relying on past trials. Aim 1&2 will also allow us to test ideas related to individual differences in navigation strategies, which can be assessed based on the variability in subject responses within the different conditions tested. Finally, we will test a subset of individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to provide initial and exploratory testing of their navigational deficits in our experiments. The outcomes of this project have the potential to provide a new understanding of age-related differences in navigation by developing a sophisticated and novel computational model that we test in detail with experiments in immersive virtual reality.