Allostatic Load in Latino Youth (ALLY) study: The Role of Discrimination and Environmental Racism

项目摘要 据估计，到2050年，拉丁美洲人/a/x将占加州人口的一半以上，这突出表明， 了解该人群心脏代谢健康风险的关键优先事项。拉丁裔有50%的终身风险 2型糖尿病和其他慢性疾病的风险，这是一个复杂的易感性混合的结果， 健康行为和环境因素。与慢性炎症相关的常见生理机制 疾病是在持续的压力下无法保持体内平衡。虽然有充分的证据支持 社会心理应激源对非稳态负荷的作用，一些重要的挑战尚未得到解决 在拉丁美洲青年，如种族/民族歧视的作用;因此，迫切需要审查 种族歧视的影响沿着广泛的社会心理和环境 应激源，非稳态负荷的深入表型分析，以及相关生物标志物，以识别高应激亚群， 心脏代谢疾病风险人群。这项建议的首要目标是表征非稳态负荷 (the通过大脑或神经系统生理学的改变对生理学造成的累积压力的结果） 与社会环境压力源有关，重点是感知和强加的（环境）种族 拉丁裔青年的歧视我们将利用专门针对洛杉矶地区拉丁裔青年的文学作品， 制定一个基于证据的非稳态负荷指数，并确定种族主义的作用， 非稳态负荷的预测因子。为了测试我们的目标，我们将收集两波独立的数据（相隔2年）， 相同的受试者，拉丁裔或白色，晚期青少年/年轻人。数据收集将包括血清和 唾液生物标本用于测定非稳态负荷指数。一个全面的面板20非稳态负荷 将使用代表神经内分泌、心血管和代谢成分的标记物， 根据现有的非稳态负荷文献和病理生理学知识进行专门选择 与拉丁裔青年2型糖尿病风险相关。其他措施包括累积措施， 环境负担（由CalEnviroScreen 4.0测定），以及 歧视，心理社会压力，以及健康史和行为（2型糖尿病家族史，饮食， 运动、吸烟和睡眠）。据我们所知，这将是第一个纵向研究拉丁与。 专门设计的白色青年，用于表征非稳态负荷特征，并检查种族/族裔的作用 歧视

PROJECT SUMMARY It is estimated that by 2050, Latino/a/x will compose over half of the California population, highlighting the critical priority for understanding cardiometabolic health risk in this population. Latinx have a 50% lifetime risk of developing type 2 diabetes and other chronic diseases, a result of a complex mixture of predisposition, health behaviors, and environmental factors. A common physiological mechanism associated to chronic diseases is a failure to maintain homeostasis during times of persistent stress. While ample evidence supports a role of psychosocial stressors on allostatic load, several important challenges have not been yet addressed in Latinx youth, such as the role of racial/ethnic discrimination; therefore there is an urgent need to examine the impact of racial discrimination along with wide-ranging profiles of psychosocial and environmental stressors, in-depth phenotyping of allostatic load, and pertinent biomarkers to identify subsets of high cardiometabolic disease risk individuals. The overarching aim of this proposal is to characterize allostatic load (the result of cumulative stressors on physiology via alterations in brain or nervous system physiology) associated with socio-environmental stressors focused on perceived and imposed (environmental) racial discrimination in Latinx youth. We will leverage a body of literature specific to Los Angeles area Latinx youth to develop an evidence-based allostatic load index and to determine the role of racism, alongside other salient predictors of allostatic load. To test our aims, we will collect two separate waves of data (2-years apart) from the same subjects, Latinx or White, late adolescents/young adults. Data collection will consist of serum and saliva biospecimens for determination of allostatic load indices. A comprehensive panel of 20 allostatic load makers will be utilized representing neuroendocrine, cardiovascular and metabolic components, markers that were specifically selected based on existing literature on allostatic load and knowledge on pathophysiology associated with type 2 diabetes risk in Latinx youth. Additional measures include a cumulative measure of environmental burden (as determined by CalEnviroScreen 4.0), and comprehensive measures of discrimination, psychosocial stress, and health history and behaviors (family history of type 2 diabetes, diet, physical activity, smoking, and sleep). To our knowledge, this will be the first longitudinal study in Latinx vs. White youth specifically designed to characterize allostatic load profiles and to examine the role of racial/ethnic discrimination.