Allostatic Load in Latino Youth (ALLY) study: The Role of Discrimination and Environmental Racism

项目总结 据估计，到2050年，拉丁裔/a/x将占加州人口的一半以上，这突出了 了解这一人群心脏代谢健康风险的关键优先事项。拉丁裔有50%的终生风险 罹患2型糖尿病和其他慢性疾病，这是一种复杂的易感性混合的结果， 健康行为和环境因素。一种与慢性疾病相关的常见生理机制 疾病是指在持续的压力下不能保持体内平衡。虽然有充分的证据支持 心理社会应激源在平衡负荷中的作用，几个重要的挑战尚未得到解决 在拉丁裔青年中，例如种族/族裔歧视的作用；因此，迫切需要审查 种族歧视的影响以及心理社会和环境的广泛概况 应激源、等静负荷的深入表型和相关的生物标记物以确定高血压病的亚群 心脏代谢性疾病高危人群。这项建议的主要目标是描述均衡负载的特征 (累积应激源通过大脑或神经系统生理变化对生理造成的结果) 与社会环境压力相关，集中于感知的和强加的(环境)种族 拉丁裔青年中的歧视。我们将利用洛杉矶地区拉丁裔青年特有的文学作品来 制定一个基于证据的平衡负荷指数，并确定种族主义的作用，以及其他显著的 平衡负荷的预报器。为了测试我们的目标，我们将收集两波不同的数据(相隔两年) 同样的受试者，拉丁裔或白人，晚期青少年/年轻人。数据收集将包括血清和 唾液生物样品用于测定恒定负荷指数。由20个非静压负载组成的综合面板 将利用代表神经内分泌、心血管和代谢成分的标志物，这些标志物 根据现有的关于恒定负荷的文献和病理生理学的知识，特别选择 与拉丁裔青年的2型糖尿病风险相关。其他措施包括累积措施 环境负担(由CalEnviroScreen 4.0确定)，以及 歧视、心理社会压力、健康史和行为(2型糖尿病家族史、饮食、 体育活动、吸烟和睡眠)。据我们所知，这将是Latinx与 白人青年专门设计用来描述不平衡负荷的特征，并检查种族/民族的作用 歧视。

PROJECT SUMMARY It is estimated that by 2050, Latino/a/x will compose over half of the California population, highlighting the critical priority for understanding cardiometabolic health risk in this population. Latinx have a 50% lifetime risk of developing type 2 diabetes and other chronic diseases, a result of a complex mixture of predisposition, health behaviors, and environmental factors. A common physiological mechanism associated to chronic diseases is a failure to maintain homeostasis during times of persistent stress. While ample evidence supports a role of psychosocial stressors on allostatic load, several important challenges have not been yet addressed in Latinx youth, such as the role of racial/ethnic discrimination; therefore there is an urgent need to examine the impact of racial discrimination along with wide-ranging profiles of psychosocial and environmental stressors, in-depth phenotyping of allostatic load, and pertinent biomarkers to identify subsets of high cardiometabolic disease risk individuals. The overarching aim of this proposal is to characterize allostatic load (the result of cumulative stressors on physiology via alterations in brain or nervous system physiology) associated with socio-environmental stressors focused on perceived and imposed (environmental) racial discrimination in Latinx youth. We will leverage a body of literature specific to Los Angeles area Latinx youth to develop an evidence-based allostatic load index and to determine the role of racism, alongside other salient predictors of allostatic load. To test our aims, we will collect two separate waves of data (2-years apart) from the same subjects, Latinx or White, late adolescents/young adults. Data collection will consist of serum and saliva biospecimens for determination of allostatic load indices. A comprehensive panel of 20 allostatic load makers will be utilized representing neuroendocrine, cardiovascular and metabolic components, markers that were specifically selected based on existing literature on allostatic load and knowledge on pathophysiology associated with type 2 diabetes risk in Latinx youth. Additional measures include a cumulative measure of environmental burden (as determined by CalEnviroScreen 4.0), and comprehensive measures of discrimination, psychosocial stress, and health history and behaviors (family history of type 2 diabetes, diet, physical activity, smoking, and sleep). To our knowledge, this will be the first longitudinal study in Latinx vs. White youth specifically designed to characterize allostatic load profiles and to examine the role of racial/ethnic discrimination.