Community-informed approaches to the escalating presence of xylazine in opioids
Community-informed approaches to the escalating presence of xylazine in opioids
批准号:
10701304
负责人:
Megan Reed
金额:
$21.02万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2023
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
未结题
起止时间:
2023-05-01 至 2025-04-30
关键词:
AddressAdrenergic AgonistsAmputationAnimalsBradycardiaCanadaCare given by nursesCentral Nervous SystemCessation of lifeCitiesCommunitiesCountryDataDevelopmentDopamineDrug abuseFeedbackFentanylGoalsHarm ReductionHealthHeroinHospitalsHypotensionInjectionsInterventionKnowledgeLearningLinkMarketingMassachusettsMuscle relaxation phaseNeurotransmittersNorepinephrineOpioidOutcomePainPeripheralPersonsPharmaceutical PreparationsPhiladelphiaPositioning AttributePublic HealthPuerto RicoResearchResearch PersonnelResearch SupportRiskSamplingSedation procedureServicesSiteStimulusTestingTimeToxicologyTranquilizing AgentsTranslatingUnited StatesVasoconstrictor AgentsVentilatory DepressionWorkXylazineacceptability and feasibilityadverse outcomedesigndrug marketevidence baseexperienceintervention refinementopioid overdoseopioid useroverdose deathpatient orientedperson centeredpreventresponserural areascreeningsexual assaultskin lesionsymposiumtherapy designwebinarwound care
中文摘要
项目摘要
英文摘要
PROJECT ABSTRACT
People who use opioids (PWUO) from the unregulated drug market have little control over the presence of
unwanted substances within the drug products they obtain. Xylazine, an animal tranquilizer, has been
increasingly detected in opioids throughout the eastern United States, Puerto Rico, and Canada. Xylazine
produces a more potent high than heroin alone, potentiates and prolongs the effects of opioids, and may
increase the risk of opioid-related overdose or death. Xylazine decreases the release of excitatory
neurotransmitters in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripherally acts as a vasoconstrictor. This can
lead to sedation, muscle relaxation, respiratory depression, and hypotension. Moreover, the long, sedating
effects of the drug places PWUO at increased risk of sexual assault. Xylazine is also linked to development of
severe infected ulcerating skin lesions in both injection and non-injection sites. Of concern, xylazine is rapidly
spreading across the United States, with a five times higher presence in national overdose deaths in 2020
compared with 2015. Spread has been particularly rapid in the Eastern and Northeast parts of the country. To
date, the United States lacks a robust national public health response to xylazine. As xylazine emerges in drug
markets in other parts of the country, there is an urgent need for a rapid response to prevent adverse
outcomes for PWUO nationally. In response to this rapid rise of xylazine in Philadelphia, PWUO have been
seeking strategies to mitigate xylazine harms. To date, these have not been rigorously explored nor
disseminated. Our research indicates that PWUO in Philadelphia desire tailored harm reduction strategies to
avoid xylazine. The objective of this proposal is to leverage the knowledge and experiences of PWUO in
Philadelphia, an early locus of xylazine emergence, alongside national content experts to develop and test
person-centered approaches to mitigate the impact of xylazine as it emerges as an adulterant in other markets
nationally. We will do this through 1) engaging PWUO and other content experts to explore current
experiences with xylazine adulteration, 2) developing actionable interventions to address emerging xylazine
adulterations, and 3) presenting these draft interventions in emerging xylazine markets in Massachusetts for
purposes of feedback and to inform refinement. Our long-term goal is to translate PWUO needs into PWUO-
centered interventions, creating key harm reduction messaging to mitigate the public health harms of xylazine
adulteration observed in Philadelphia. The proposed work is expected to significantly contribute to informing
optimal harm reduction interventions to mitigate harms associated with xylazine adulteration that can be rapidly
implemented. It is urgent and timely, as xylazine is currently rapidly spreading across the country, and thus
these interventions are imminently needed to prevent unnecessary harm.
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专著(0)
科研奖励(0)
会议论文
Assessing fentanyl test strip use accuracy and fentanyl presence in the non-heroin drug supply
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批准号:10668083
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$24.45万
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财政年份:2023
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负责人:Megan Reed
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依托单位:
Addressing overdose risk among recently incarcerated people living with HIV/AIDS
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批准号:9349087
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$5.37万
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财政年份:2017
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负责人:Megan Reed
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依托单位:
海外基金