Placental epigenetic mechanisms contributing to sex-specific impacts of maternal stress on fetal development

胎盘表观遗传机制导致母体压力对胎儿发育的性别特异性影响

• 批准号: 10743792
• 负责人: Tracy L Bale
• 金额: $ 27.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-03-11 至 2024-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10743792
• 关键词: Placental; epigenetic; mechanisms; contributing; sex

Defining the mechanisms by which stress in the environment during pregnancy promotes changes in development is critical in identifying factors predictive of disease risk or resilience. One major consistency across prenatal insults is the increased vulnerability of males. In this proposal, we utilize our mouse model of early prenatal stress (EPS) to examine sex-specific placental transcriptional regulation. In our EPS model, male, but not female, offspring present with increased stress sensitivity, including increased HPA stress axis activity, reduced post-weaning growth, and hypothalamic mitochondrial dysfunction. Sex differences in the placental function are likely to produce sex-specific transplacental signals to the developing fetal brain. Sex differences in the placenta begin with sex chromosomes. Through a genome-wide screen following maternal stress, we identified the X-linked gene, OGT, as causal in programming the male-specific stress phenotype via its regulation of the histone transcriptional repressive mark, H3K27me3. This proposal uses innovative approaches to determine the mechanisms by which the female placenta is able to restrict transcriptional responses to stress in the environment, where males are not, thus placing the male developing brain at greater risk prenatally. The transplacental signals received by the developing brain appear to be related to energy availability and impact metabolic and mitochondrial programming. Of key translational importance, we have also found the same biochemical and molecular outcomes are predicted by fetal sex in human placental tissue. Therefore, our proposal will focus on defining the causal importance of H3K27me3 in risk for developmental changes in response to stress, identify the sex-specific transplacental signals resulting from these changes in placental function using ex vivo perfusion, and determine the cellular compartment and mechanism by which these changes promote hypothalamic mitochondrial reprogramming and the EPS phenotype.

定义怀孕期间环境压力的机制促进了变化 发展对于确定预测疾病风险或韧性的因素至关重要。一个主要的一致性 整个产前侮辱是男性的脆弱性增加。在此提案中，我们利用了我们的鼠标模型 早期产前应激（EPS）检查性别特异性胎盘转录调控。在我们的EPS模型中 男性，但不是女性的后代，其应力敏感性增加，包括增加HPA应力轴 活性，减少断奶后生长和下丘脑线粒体功能障碍。性别差异 胎盘功能可能会对发育中的胎儿大脑产生性别特异性的移植信号。性别 胎盘的差异始于性染色体。通过母体后的全基因组屏幕 压力，我们确定X连锁的基因OGT是通过编程男性特异性应力表型的因果 它对组蛋白转录抑制标记H3K27me3的调节。该建议使用创新 确定雌性胎盘能够限制转录的机制的方法 对环境中压力的反应，雄性没有，因此使男性发育的大脑更加越来越大 产前风险。发育大脑收到的移植信号似乎与能量有关 可用性和影响代谢和线粒体编程。重要的翻译重要性，我们有 还发现，人胎盘组织中的胎儿性别可以预测相同的生化和分子结局。 因此，我们的建议将着重于定义H3K27me3的因果重要性 响应压力的变化，确定由这些变化而导致的性别特异性移植信号 使用离体灌注的胎盘功能，并确定细胞室和机制 这些变化促进了下丘脑线粒体重编程和EPS表型。