Tailored Algorithms for Non-Contrast Computed Tomography Using Sinogram Restorati

使用正弦图恢复的非对比计算机断层扫描的定制算法

• 批准号: 7692256
• 负责人: Patrick Jean La Riviere
• 金额: $ 27万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-24 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7692256
• 关键词: Acceleration; Accounting; Algorithms; Biological Models; Blood Vessels; Chronic Kidney Failure; Clinical; Clinical Research; Contrast Media; Data; Databases; Detection; Diagnostic; Discrimination; Dose; Drug usage; Emergency Situation; Enteral; Evaluation; Fistula; Goals; Hematoma; Hypersensitivity; Image; Impaired Renal Function; Information Systems; Intestines; Intravenous; Kidney Calculi; Lead; Lesion; Measurement; Methods; Modeling; Morphologic artifacts; Nephrotoxic; Noise; Obesity; Patients; Perforation; Performance; Property; Radiation; Recipe; Resolution; Scanning; Screening procedure; Secure; Signal Transduction; Slice; Statistical Models; Structure; System; Testing; Time; Tissues; Tomography, Computed, Scanners; Tube; Work; X-Ray Computed Tomography; base; density; detector; flexibility; image reconstruction; improved; instrument; mathematical model; novel; physical property; preference; public health relevance; radiation detector; radiologist; reconstruction; restoration; statistics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Computed tomography (CT) scans are performed both with and without intravenous (IV) and/or enteric contrast, drugs used to improve the discrimination of vascular structures, improve tissue characterization, search for bowel perforation or fistulae, and many related applications. IV contrast is nephrotoxic, especially in patients with impaired renal function. Consequently, many patients cannot or should not have IV contrast, so non-contrast CT (NC-CT) scans are often performed, despite their intrinsic limitations, which include poor contrast-to-noise properties. There is a critical and immediate need to improve the diagnostic performance of such unenhanced scans. The long-term goal of this project is to overcome the limitations of NC-CT using statistically principled image reconstruction optimized for specific applications. The intrinsic contrast-to-noise will be increased by reducing noise while preserving resolution using projection-domain smoothing and restoration with explicit models of measurement statistics. Successful completion of this work may provide superior CT imaging performance for patients with chronic kidney disease, contrast allergy, obesity, and for screening applications where radiation dose is limited. There are 4 specific aims: (1) An instrument-specific mathematical model will be synthesized using the statistical and physical properties of a particular clinical CT scanner. (2) Penalized-likehood sinogram restoration methods will be implemented on NC-CT exams. (3) The NC-CT image reconstruction strategy will be implemented on dedicated hardware to achieve clinically useful reconstruction times. (4) The penalized-likelihood sinogram restoration strategy will be optimized to deliver tailored algorithms for specific NC-CT applications and tested on a database of clinical cases. On completion, this project will provide a validated means to reconstruct non-contrast CT scans with significantly improved signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise, thereby improving the diagnostic performance for emergency examinations. The system will be flexible and clinically feasible for multicenter testing in selected applications. The reconstruction methods will be optimized for the most promising applications, and preliminary measurements of diagnostic performance will be available. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE The long term goal of this project is to develop and apply statistically principled image reconstruction approaches for non-contrast computed tomography (CT). The intrinsic contrast-to-noise will be increased by reducing noise while preserving resolution using projection-domain smoothing and restoration with explicit models of measurement statistics.

描述（由申请人提供）：计算机断层扫描（CT）扫描可以在有或没有静脉（IV）和/或肠道造影剂、用于改善血管结构辨别、改善组织特征、寻找肠穿孔或瘘管以及许多相关应用的药物的情况下进行。静脉注射造影剂具有肾毒性，尤其是肾功能受损的患者。因此，许多患者不能或不应该进行静脉造影，因此经常进行非造影 CT (NC-CT) 扫描，尽管其固有的局限性，包括较差的对比噪声特性。迫切需要提高此类非增强扫描的诊断性能。该项目的长期目标是使用针对特定应用优化的统计原理图像重建来克服 NC-CT 的局限性。通过使用投影域平滑和使用测量统计的显式模型进行恢复来减少噪声，同时保持分辨率，从而增加固有的噪声对比度。这项工作的成功完成可以为患有慢性肾病、对比剂过敏、肥胖的患者以及辐射剂量有限的筛查应用提供卓越的 CT 成像性能。有 4 个具体目标：(1) 使用特定临床 CT 扫描仪的统计和物理特性来合成特定于仪器的数学模型。 (2) NC-CT考试将采用惩罚似然正弦图恢复方法。 (3)NC-CT图像重建策略将在专用硬件上实施，以实现临床有用的重建时间。 (4) 将优化惩罚似然正弦图恢复策略，为特定 NC-CT 应用提供定制算法，并在临床病例数据库上进行测试。完成后，该项目将提供一种经过验证的方法来重建非对比 CT 扫描，显着改善信噪比和对比噪声，从而提高紧急检查的诊断性能。该系统将灵活且临床可行，可在选定的应用中进行多中心测试。重建方法将针对最有前途的应用进行优化，并且将提供诊断性能的初步测量。公众健康相关性 该项目的长期目标是开发和应用统计原理的非对比计算机断层扫描 (CT) 图像重建方法。通过使用投影域平滑和使用测量统计的显式模型进行恢复来减少噪声，同时保持分辨率，从而增加固有的噪声对比度。