Effect of True Puff Profile Replication on Machine-Generated Smoke Constituents

真实抽吸轮廓复制对机器生成的烟雾成分的影响

• 批准号: 7587779
• 负责人: Sydney Michael Gordon
• 金额: $ 26.04万
• 依托单位: BATTELLE CENTERS/PUB HLTH RES & EVALUATN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-03-01 至 2011-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7587779
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Aerosols; Binding; Chemicals; Chemistry; Cigarette; Communities; Data; Devices; Drug Delivery Systems; Elasticity; Engineering; Equipment; Evaluation; Exposure to; Frequencies; Health; Human; Individual; Laboratories; Mainstreaming; Measures; Nicotine; Particle Size; Pattern; Procedures; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Relative (related person); Research Personnel; Risk; Sampling; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco smoke; Tobacco use; Toxin; cohort; cost; design; exposed human population; instrument; particle; physical property; potential reduced exposure products; programs; public health relevance; public health research; replicator; research clinical testing; retinal rods

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In human testing of standard cigarettes and potential reduced exposure products (PREPs), puff topography is typically measured and programmed into smoking machines (puff replicators) to mimic human smoking. The resulting smoke emissions are tested for relative levels of harmful constituents. The puff topography data that is used is summary data; that is, the total puff volume is divided by the number of puffs to yield an average puff volume. The puff replicator is then programmed to reproduce the average puff, with steady, periodic parabolic waveform, and a fixed puff frequency, volume, and duration. Because humans smoke differently as the rod is consumed, and combustion chemistry is highly non-linear, representing smoking behavior with a smoothed periodic waveform may result in a tobacco smoke aerosol with different chemical composition and physical properties than that actually generated by the smoker. It may also underestimate the smokers' exposure to harmful smoke constituents. This is a proposal to test if replicating the true puff profile will result in differences in levels of select volatile organic and particle-bound semi-volatile smoke constituents in mainstream smoke, compared to machine smoking using only the standard smoothed puff data. We will also determine if replicating the true puff profile results in differences in the particle size distribution of mainstream smoke compared to machine smoking using only the standard smoothed puff data. A sample of previously acquired human puff profiles from an existing cohort will be used to replicate both the true puff profile and the smoothed puff profile using a smoking machine, and the smoke emissions generated by each protocol will be compared for levels of select toxic components of mainstream smoke, and the distribution of fine and ultra-fine particles. This study will help to optimize standards for testing new and conventional smoked tobacco products in order to better characterize human exposure to harmful components of tobacco smoke. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: In human testing of new combustible tobacco products, puff topography is typically measured and programmed into smoking machines (puff replicators) to mimic human smoking and the resulting smoke emissions are tested for relative levels of harmful constituents. Using only the summary puff data, with steady, periodic parabolic waveform, and a fixed puff frequency, volume, and duration, may underestimate actual exposure to smoke toxins. This study is the first step in determining if the public health research community should replace the currently used equipment and procedures and begin replicating the true puff profile in the testing of new products to more accurately reflect human exposure.

描述（由申请人提供）：在标准香烟和潜在减少暴露产品（PREP）的人体测试中，通常测量抽吸形貌并将其编程到吸烟机（抽吸复制器）中以模拟人类吸烟。测试产生的烟雾排放物中有害成分的相对水平。所使用的抽吸形貌数据是汇总数据;也就是说，总抽吸体积除以抽吸次数以产生平均抽吸体积。然后对抽吸复制器进行编程以复制平均抽吸，具有稳定的周期性抛物线波形以及固定的抽吸频率、体积和持续时间。因为人在杆被消耗时不同地吸烟，并且燃烧化学是高度非线性的，所以用平滑的周期性波形表示吸烟行为可能导致具有与吸烟者实际产生的化学组成和物理性质不同的化学组成和物理性质的烟草烟雾气雾。它也可能低估了吸烟者接触有害烟雾成分的程度。这是一个测试复制真实抽吸曲线是否会导致主流烟雾中选择的挥发性有机物和颗粒结合的半挥发性烟雾成分水平差异的建议，与仅使用标准平滑抽吸数据的机器吸烟相比。我们还将确定复制真实的抽吸曲线是否会导致主流烟雾的粒度分布与仅使用标准平滑抽吸数据的机器吸烟相比存在差异。将使用来自现有队列的先前获得的人类抽吸曲线的样本来使用吸烟机复制真实抽吸曲线和平滑抽吸曲线，并且将比较每个方案产生的烟雾排放的主流烟雾的选定有毒组分的水平以及细颗粒和超细颗粒的分布。这项研究将有助于优化新的和传统的吸烟烟草产品的测试标准，以便更好地描述人类暴露于烟草烟雾有害成分的特征。公共卫生关系：在新的可燃烟草产品的人体测试中，通常测量喷烟形貌并将其编程到吸烟机（喷烟复制器）中以模拟人类吸烟，并且测试所得烟雾排放的有害成分的相对水平。仅使用具有稳定、周期性抛物线波形和固定抽吸频率、体积和持续时间的总结抽吸数据可能会低估实际的烟雾毒素暴露。这项研究是确定公共卫生研究界是否应该更换目前使用的设备和程序，并开始在新产品测试中复制真实的抽吸曲线，以更准确地反映人体暴露的第一步。